Group 1 - The core point of the news is that several major pharmaceutical companies in the US and Europe have agreed to voluntarily lower drug prices in exchange for tariff exemptions and policy support from the Trump administration, which is reviving the "Most Favored Nation" pricing policy to reduce high prescription drug costs in the US [1][2] - Companies that signed the agreement include Merck (MRK.US), Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMY.US), Amgen (AMGN.US), Gilead Sciences (GILD.US), GlaxoSmithKline (GSK.US), Sanofi (SNY.US), Rogers (ROG.US), Boehringer Ingelheim, and Novartis (NVS.US), committing to increase domestic production and investment in the US over the next three years [1] - Bristol-Myers Squibb's commitment to provide its best-selling anticoagulant drug Eliquis for free to Medicaid patients is highlighted as one of the most significant measures in this price reduction initiative [1] Group 2 - Trump stated that out of 17 major pharmaceutical companies he contacted in July, 14 have agreed to significantly lower drug prices, marking a historic victory for patient affordability in the US [2] - Although the full terms of the agreements have not been disclosed, companies have agreed to various measures to lower drug prices, including selling existing drugs to Medicaid patients at "Most Favored Nation" prices and committing to pricing for future new drugs [2] - Gilead Sciences announced that patients will be able to obtain its hepatitis C treatment drug Epclusa at a discounted price, while Sanofi indicated discounts of nearly 70% on certain drugs in the fields of infection, cardiovascular, and diabetes [2] Group 3 - Merck's CEO expressed support for Trump's policy direction of lowering US drug prices while raising prices in overseas markets to end global free-riding [3] - Amgen announced an expansion of its existing direct sales program, including significant discounts on its migraine prevention drug Aimovig and autoimmune treatment drug Amjevita [3] - The average price of prescription drugs in the US is nearly three times that of overseas markets, with brand-name drug prices exceeding four times, highlighting the US market's importance to pharmaceutical companies, especially European firms [3]