Group 1 - China's economy has made significant achievements in infrastructure, traditional industrial systems, and emerging industries, but faces a new structural contradiction of "strong supply and weak demand" that limits high-quality development [2][12][13] - The current economic environment presents challenges such as "reciprocal tariffs" and geopolitical conflicts, necessitating a response to both new and historical issues while pursuing reform and development goals [3][4] - The distinction between macro and micro economic governance is crucial, as applying micro-level logic to macroeconomic issues can lead to serious misinterpretations [4][5][6] Group 2 - The fiscal and tax system reform is essential to address the fundamental issue of demand insufficiency, as the current system exhibits significant pressure with a 1.3% growth in public budget revenue and a 3.4% decline in tax revenue [8][9][10] - The existing tax structure, heavily reliant on indirect taxes, limits the ability to effectively adjust income distribution, with direct taxes accounting for a low proportion [9][10] - The social security system, established in the late 20th century, is increasingly inadequate in the face of demographic changes and flexible employment trends, necessitating a shift towards a more equitable public finance system [10][11] Group 3 - The transition from a "supply-oriented" to a "consumption-oriented" economy is critical, with the goal of achieving a dynamic balance between supply and demand through fiscal reforms [12][14] - The structural challenges of demand insufficiency can be analyzed at multiple levels, including total demand, internal demand, and the disparity between consumer and government spending [13][14] - The need for a historical shift in public resource allocation from supply-side focus to a balanced approach is emphasized, aiming to enhance consumer capacity and support high-quality development [14][15] Group 4 - Enterprises are key participants in the macroeconomic environment, and their responses to policy and market demands will directly impact economic policy effectiveness [16][17] - The phenomenon of high savings and weak consumption highlights the need for strategies to enhance permanent income for residents, thereby unlocking consumption potential [17][18] - Collaboration between state-owned and private enterprises is essential, leveraging their respective strengths to foster a synergistic ecosystem that addresses economic challenges [18][19]