财税体制改革

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财政可持续增长减弱怎么办?安徽财政给出对策
Di Yi Cai Jing· 2025-10-11 02:44
短期靠强化税费征管、盘活资产资源弥补减收,长期靠改革。 近些年受税收收入增长乏力、地方土地出让收入明显下滑等影响,地方财政收支矛盾不断加大,财政可持续性有所减弱,如何应对备受关注。 近日,安徽省财政厅课题组在《中国财政》上发表《财政收入支撑高质量发展匹配关系研究》一文,详细剖析当地财政收入可持续增长承压现状及成 因,并给出了短期和长期对策举措。 今年以来安徽省财政收入增长平稳。安徽省财政厅数据显示,今年前8个月,省一般公共预算收入完成2856亿元,较上年同期增长2.7%。 由于税收收入增长乏力,为弥补税收减收,地方往往会通过加大盘活存量资产资源来增加非税收入。安徽也是如此。 安徽财政厅上述文章称,2024年,安徽省一般公共预算收入中非税收入占比35.6%,较2019年增加5.1个百分点,在税收增长乏力的背景下,非税项目扩 张虽能短期平滑收入曲线,但会降低财政收入的可预期性和稳定性。 收入承压、融资收窄 近年地方财政收入增长乏力,这主要体现在税收收入增长低迷和土地出让收入持续下滑。 比如,财政部数据显示,疫情之后全国税收收入增幅有明显波动,其中2024年全国税收收入同比下降3.4%,2025年前8个月全国税收收 ...
和中财办原副主任尹艳林聊了两小时:房价、股市、“十五五”和改革
经济观察报· 2025-10-10 11:56
Group 1 - The current economic situation in China is characterized by insufficient demand, necessitating new incremental policies to stimulate growth [3][20][32] - The real estate market is identified as a crucial area for implementing incremental policies due to its strong impact on the economy [5][18][28] - The need for deep reforms in three key areas: income distribution reform, fiscal and tax system reform, and investment system reform to encourage private sector investment [7][43][45] Group 2 - The "anti-involution" policy is aimed at addressing excessive competition in certain industries, particularly in emerging sectors like renewable energy and technology [3][10][12] - The importance of preventing the misinterpretation of "anti-involution" as a move against platform economies or private enterprises [3][12][16] - The necessity for a balanced approach to market competition, emphasizing legal frameworks to guide behavior rather than administrative controls [11][12][14] Group 3 - The need for macroeconomic policies to focus on stimulating demand, with suggestions for lowering interest rates and potentially implementing a form of quantitative easing [8][45] - The role of local governments in maintaining redundant capacities and the challenges they pose to market dynamics [16][17] - The potential for urbanization to drive economic growth, with a focus on improving public services and reducing administrative barriers [29][30]
宋雪涛:还有增量政策吗?
雪涛宏观笔记· 2025-10-10 07:05
存量政策的优化是未来一段时间得重点,通过调整存量政策的形式、节奏和用途,支 撑经济增长。 文:国金宏观宋雪涛/联系人张馨月 酝酿已久的新型政策性金融工具于9月底落地,市场关注后续是否还会出台增量政策,进而成为引发风 格切换的导火索。展望四季度,出台增量政策的可能性有多大?如何把握政策的节奏? 第一,9月22日国新办新闻发布会、9月26日央行三季度货币政策例会、国庆假期《人民日报》"钟才 文"七连评是观察政策态度的三个窗口,从重要会议和官媒表述来看,短期内政策加码的诉求并不突 出。 9月22日的国新办新闻发布会并未复刻去年的"924",核心定调是总结成就。潘行长明确指出,本次发 布会不涉及短期性调整,未来的金融改革内容将在中央统一部署后再沟通。会议强调了科创板和科技型 企业在A股市值中的占比提升,表明当前金融政策的目标更倾向于提振科技,对于短期经济的刺激和托 底,并无太多涉及。 9月26日央行第三季度货币政策例会的关键变化是,在对经济形势的表述上删除了"风险隐患较多", 表明央行对当前经济运行较为乐观;在对货币政策的定调上,删除了"加力实施增量政策"的关键表 述,强调"抓好各项货币政策措施执行",表明当前货币政 ...
《中国地方政府债券蓝皮书(2025)》发布
Zheng Quan Ri Bao Wang· 2025-09-23 13:27
本报讯 (记者苏诗钰)9月23日,由中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院、中国人民大学经济学院、中诚信国际信用评级 有限责任公司、社会科学文献出版社联合举办的"《中国地方政府债券蓝皮书(2025)》发布会暨公共财政与债务可持续研讨 会"在北京举行。会上发布了《中国地方政府债券蓝皮书:中国地方政府债券发展报告(2025)》(以下简称蓝皮书)。 (编辑 郭之宸) 蓝皮书延续既有撰写思路,结合我国宏观经济领域、政府债务领域新动向,全面回顾了2024年地方债市场运行情况,从历 史视角总结了地方债务领域政策演化进程,从区域视角、募投领域视角深入剖析了当前地方债发展特点及面临的问题,并对地 方债助力债务化解、专项债支持稳地产、离岸人民币地方债市场建设等新问题展开研究,提出了相应的对策建议,为地方政府 债券可持续发展提供有益参考。 展望未来,蓝皮书指出,地方债也将继续稳步扩容、优化结构、提升效率,并进一步完善市场基础设施建设,助力化债的 同时更好地服务高质量发展,发挥好政府部门的稳增长"引擎"作用。此外,财税体制改革将持续深化,进一步理顺央地关系, 推动地方激励体系重构与行为模式改变,这也是促进债务与财政可持续、破题短期与中长 ...
《中国地方政府债券蓝皮书》发布
Zheng Quan Ri Bao Wang· 2025-09-23 13:25
地方债蓝皮书研创团队指出,2025年,国内经济延续筑底企稳态势但仍面临多重压力,特别是在关税博 弈的背景下,外部冲击影响加大,地方政府债券作为宏观调控的重要发力点,呈现三大特点:一是新增 限额大幅增加、发行规模再创新高。二是置换节奏明显前置、新增债发行相对偏慢。三是投向领域进一 步拓宽。 展望未来,蓝皮书指出,地方债也将继续稳步扩容、优化结构、提升效率,并进一步完善市场基础设施 建设,助力化债的同时更好地服务高质量发展,发挥好政府部门的稳增长"引擎"作用。此外,财税体制 改革将持续深化,进一步理顺央地关系,推动地方激励体系重构与行为模式改变,这也是促进债务与财 政可持续、破题短期与中长期发展困局的关键。 蓝皮书延续既有撰写思路,结合我国宏观经济领域、政府债务领域新动向,全面回顾了2024年地方债市 场运行情况,从历史视角总结了地方债务领域政策演化进程,从区域视角、募投领域视角深入剖析了当 前地方债发展特点及面临的问题,并对地方债助力债务化解、专项债支持稳地产、离岸人民币地方债市 场建设等新问题展开研究,提出了相应的对策建议,为地方政府债券可持续发展提供有益参考。 本报讯(记者苏诗钰)9月23日,由中国人民大学 ...
财政部:稳妥推进财税体制改革,提高财政科学管理水平
Di Yi Cai Jing· 2025-09-22 11:13
9月22日,中共财政部党组关于二十届中央第三轮巡视整改进展情况的通报。其中提到,稳妥推进财税 体制改革,提高财政科学管理水平。加大改革攻坚力度,推动在财政资源和预算统筹、零基预算改革、 税制改革、地方税体系建设、非税收入管理、完善转移支付体系等方面取得更多进展。指导地方深入推 进财政科学管理试点,全面提升系统化、精细化、标准化、法治化水平。围绕"加强、聚焦、优化",依 法依规开展财会监督,进一步严肃财经纪律,推动党中央决策部署落实。 通报中提到,更好统筹发展和安全,有效防范化解财政风险。指导地方落实一系列增量化债支持政策, 统筹做好隐性债务置换、融资平台改革转型、违规举债查处问责等工作。进一步强化专项债券全流程管 理。督促地方始终把"三保"摆在优先位置,兜牢基层"三保"底线。充分研判、妥善应对影响财政收支的 各种因素,确保预算平衡和财政平稳运行。 督促地方始终把"三保"摆在优先位置,兜牢基层"三保"底线 ...
财政部党组通报中央巡视整改进展情况
Bei Jing Ri Bao Ke Hu Duan· 2025-09-22 11:11
转自:北京日报客户端 中共财政部党组关于二十届中央第三轮巡视整改进展情况的通报 根据中央统一部署,2024年4月15日至7月20日,中央第一巡视组对财政部党组开展了常规巡视。2024年 10月18日,中央巡视组向财政部党组反馈了巡视意见。按照巡视工作有关要求,现将巡视整改进展情况 予以公布。 一、党组履行巡视整改主体责任情况 财政部党组从坚定拥护"两个确立"、坚决做到"两个维护"的政治高度,以彻底的自我革命精神,把巡视 指出的每个问题都当作政治必答题,贯通落实整改主体责任、监督责任、第一责任人责任和"一岗双 责",不折不扣、全力以赴抓好整改任务落实,为进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化提供有力财 政保障。 (一)坚持政治引领,深化学思践悟,牢牢把握巡视整改正确方向。部党组坚持把学深悟透笃行习近平 新时代中国特色社会主义思想作为巡视整改工作总指引。巡视反馈会后,党组书记立即主持召开会议, 传达学习习近平总书记在听取中央巡视综合情况汇报时的重要讲话精神、巡视集中反馈会议精神和巡视 反馈意见,研究部署巡视整改工作。通过部党组会议等方式,跟进学习习近平总书记在中央经济工作会 议、中央政治局民主生活会、二十届中央纪委 ...
中共财政部党组关于二十届中央第三轮巡视整改进展情况的通报
Zhong Yang Ji Wei Guo Jia Jian Wei Wang Zhan· 2025-09-22 10:37
根据中央统一部署,2024年4月15日至7月20日,中央第一巡视组对财政部党组开展了常规巡视。2024年 10月18日,中央巡视组向财政部党组反馈了巡视意见。按照巡视工作有关要求,现将巡视整改进展情况 予以公布。 一、党组履行巡视整改主体责任情况 财政部党组从坚定拥护"两个确立"、坚决做到"两个维护"的政治高度,以彻底的自我革命精神,把巡视 指出的每个问题都当作政治必答题,贯通落实整改主体责任、监督责任、第一责任人责任和"一岗双 责",不折不扣、全力以赴抓好整改任务落实,为进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化提供有力财 政保障。 (一)坚持政治引领,深化学思践悟,牢牢把握巡视整改正确方向。部党组坚持把学深悟透笃行习近平 新时代中国特色社会主义思想作为巡视整改工作总指引。巡视反馈会后,党组书记立即主持召开会议, 传达学习习近平总书记在听取中央巡视综合情况汇报时的重要讲话精神、巡视集中反馈会议精神和巡视 反馈意见,研究部署巡视整改工作。通过部党组会议等方式,跟进学习习近平总书记在中央经济工作会 议、中央政治局民主生活会、二十届中央纪委四次全会、全国"两会"期间等重要讲话精神,以及对财政 工作的重要指示批示精神,对 ...
大国财政的担当:“十四五”时期我国财政治理成效回顾
Yuekai Securities· 2025-09-18 10:03
Economic Performance - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's fiscal governance achieved significant results, including stable growth through active fiscal policies, with a cumulative tax reduction of approximately 10.5 trillion yuan, averaging over 2 trillion yuan annually[5] - The general public budget revenue as a percentage of GDP fell to 16.3% in 2024, down 1.4 percentage points from 2020 and 5.4 percentage points from the peak in 2015[5] - The general public budget expenditure reached 28.5 trillion yuan in 2024, a 15.8% increase from 2020[5] Fiscal Policy Adjustments - The average budget deficit rate from 2021 to 2025 was 3.3%, which is 0.4 percentage points higher than the average during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period[6] - The broad deficit rate during the "14th Five-Year Plan" averaged 6.5%, exceeding the previous period's average by 1.7 percentage points[6] Structural Changes - Fiscal policies shifted focus from supply-side to demand-side, enhancing consumer spending and supporting a transition from an investment-driven to a consumption-driven economy[7] - The average growth rate of public budget expenditures related to people's livelihoods was 4.3% from 2021 to 2024, surpassing the overall public budget expenditure growth of 3.7%[8] Risk Management - By the end of 2024, the national government debt balance reached 82.1 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth of 15.2% since 2020[9] - The local government debt-to-GDP ratio was approximately 35.2% at the end of 2024, with an estimated total debt ratio of about 43.0% when including hidden debts[9] Policy Execution - The central government's deficit accounted for 85.9% of the total budget deficit in 2025, an increase of 11.9 percentage points from 2020[16] - Central government transfers to local governments increased by 18.0% in 2022 compared to 2021, ensuring effective policy implementation[16]
光大证券晨会速递-20250916
EBSCN· 2025-09-16 01:10
Group 1: Macroeconomic Insights - The core viewpoint emphasizes that the fiscal and tax system reform during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period is essential for addressing current fiscal constraints and advancing national governance modernization. This includes budget system innovation, tax system optimization, restructuring central-local relations, and comprehensive debt management to enhance fiscal efficiency, thereby injecting strong momentum into Chinese modernization [1] - Economic uncertainty has increased, with production, investment, and consumption growth rates declining in August. Factors such as extreme heat and falling prices have contributed to this downturn, while cautious investment decisions by market participants indicate challenges in transitioning from old to new economic drivers [2] - Fixed asset investment growth continues to decline, with significant drops in infrastructure investment in August. Despite a relatively loose funding environment, improvements in the fundamentals are necessary, and the bond market is becoming more attractive, with a projected 10Y government bond yield center at 1.7% [3] Group 2: Real Estate Sector Analysis - In the real estate sector, as of September 14, 2025, new home transactions in 20 cities totaled 545,000 units, a decrease of 5.9%. Notably, Beijing saw a 14% drop, while second-hand home transactions increased by 9.9% across 10 cities, indicating a mixed market performance [4] - China Resources Land (1109.HK) is focusing on core cities for real estate development, with a strong brand reputation and stable cash flow from asset operations. The projected net profit for 2025-2027 is 24.74 billion, 25.27 billion, and 25.53 billion yuan, respectively, with a corresponding PE ratio of 8.5, 8.3, and 8.3 times, maintaining a "buy" rating [5] Group 3: Company-Specific Developments - Aolaide (688378.SH) has signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement with BOE Technology Group, indicating a comprehensive partnership in OLED materials and equipment, which is expected to significantly benefit the company's future performance. The projected net profit for 2025-2027 is 127 million, 244 million, and 354 million yuan, maintaining a "buy" rating [7] - Kangnait Optical (2276.HK), a leading resin lens manufacturer, is expected to see net profits of 570 million, 710 million, and 880 million yuan from 2025 to 2027. The growth is supported by a stable market for lens products and potential in AI glasses, leading to a "buy" rating [8]