稀土下游应用技术

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日本囤了20年稀土原料,最后还得求中国代加工,这技术壁垒太可怕
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-07-12 02:50
Core Viewpoint - China's dominance in the rare earth industry is underscored by Japan's 20-year stockpiling of rare earth materials, which has not led to independence but rather highlighted China's irreplaceable position in the supply chain [1][3]. Industry Insights - Japan's stockpiling of rare earths has not translated into self-sufficiency due to the lack of advanced processing capabilities, with 95% of global rare earth separation and processing capacity held by China [3][5]. - The technical gap in rare earth separation and purification has been built over decades, with Chinese institutions like the Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute and the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry accumulating significant expertise [5][7]. - The complexity of downstream processing, such as the production of rare earth permanent magnets, presents further challenges for Japan, which struggles to match China's optimized processes and experience [5][7]. Competitive Landscape - Chinese companies like Minmetals Rare Earth and Guangdong Zhujiang Rare Earth have established strong profit margins, with an average gross margin exceeding 45% in 2024, indicating a highly profitable sector [7][9]. - Major global companies, including Tesla and Siemens, rely heavily on Chinese suppliers for rare earth components, demonstrating the critical role of Chinese technology and production capabilities in the global market [5][7]. Future Outlook - China's technological lead in rare earths is expected to widen, driven by advancements in recycling technologies and increasing demand from emerging sectors such as renewable energy and artificial intelligence [9]. - The long-term accumulation of technical advantages and a complete industrial chain in China makes it unlikely for other countries to disrupt this dominance in the near future [9].