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从“再生医学明星”到增长几近停滞,冠昊生物到底怎么了?
Hua Xia Shi Bao· 2025-10-10 00:42
Core Insights - The company shows signs of short-term recovery with revenue and profit growth, but faces long-term stagnation in core business growth and structural challenges [1] - The core business, particularly the hard dura mater patch segment, is under pressure from multiple factors including price system disruptions due to centralized procurement policies and competition from domestic products [1][6] - The company has not successfully developed a second growth curve, with ongoing reductions in R&D investment and low efficiency in technology transfer [1][8] Financial Performance - In the first half of 2025, the company reported revenue of 201 million yuan, a slight increase of 5.89% year-on-year, and a net profit of 20.4 million yuan, with a growth rate of only 1.27% [2] - Over the past five years, revenue has declined from 437 million yuan in 2020 to 377 million yuan in 2024, a cumulative decrease of 13.7% [2] - The first half of 2025 revenue represents only 53.3% of the total revenue for 2024, indicating potential challenges in achieving a full-year revenue of 400 million yuan [2] Core Business Challenges - The hard dura mater patch, which is the company's main product, generated 74.44 million yuan in the first half of 2025, accounting for 50.6% of the medical device segment's revenue [4] - Revenue growth for the biological dura mater patch was only 1.35%, and it experienced a decline of 14.7% in 2024 [4][6] - The average revenue growth rate for the biological dura mater patch from 2022 to 2024 was only 1.2%, significantly lower than the double-digit growth seen from 2019 to 2021 [4] Competitive Pressures - Centralized procurement policies have led to a price drop of approximately 30% for the hard dura mater patch, which has not been offset by volume increases [6] - Domestic competitors are rapidly advancing in technology, further intensifying market competition [6][10] - The company has not introduced significant upgrades to its hard dura mater patch products in over a decade, leading to stagnation in growth [7] R&D and Innovation - R&D spending has decreased from 57.9 million yuan in 2022 to 42.31 million yuan in 2024, with the proportion of R&D expenses to revenue falling from 15.4% to 9.6% [8] - The company has maintained a stable number of R&D personnel but has not achieved any capitalized R&D projects, indicating a lack of progress in converting R&D into revenue [8] - The company is exploring advanced fields like artificial liver and CAR-T but lacks synergy with its core dura mater patch business [8] Dependency on Core Product - The company is overly reliant on the hard dura mater patch, with other products in the medical device segment unable to significantly contribute to revenue [9] - Other medical device products, such as the chest repair membrane, have shown declining revenues, and the pharmaceutical and cell technology segments have also underperformed [9][10] - The hard dura mater patch holds a market share of 30%, but faces significant pricing pressure from centralized procurement [10]