Group 1 - The high production costs in Northeast China are attributed to inefficiencies and relatively high transportation expenses, which diminish market competitiveness compared to regions like the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta that have larger populations and better logistics [1] - The Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta have over 1 billion people, while Northeast China has only 100 million, leading to higher costs for transporting goods to major markets [1] - The need to transport products to Dalian Port before exporting increases logistics costs for Northeast products, further impacting their competitiveness in both domestic and international markets [1] Group 2 - While high costs in Northeast China are partly due to inefficiencies, regional differences and policy impacts also play significant roles, suggesting that some products may still be produced competitively in the region if market-oriented policies are implemented [3] - Each province has unique industrial positioning, indicating that not all products produced in Northeast China necessarily incur high costs, and there is potential for certain sectors to thrive with appropriate support [3] - The argument against the second viewpoint emphasizes that regardless of the reasons for high costs, the end result is that companies in Northeast China may face losses compared to their counterparts in more efficient regions [5] Group 3 - The economic decline in Northeast China is compared to historical declines in regions like the Great Lakes in the U.S. and the Ruhr area in Germany, highlighting that economic downturns are often linked to inefficiencies [6] - The loss of young talent and capital from the region is a direct consequence of a lack of economic growth, reinforcing the idea that efficiency is crucial for economic vitality [6] - The fundamental economic principles suggest that no policy can permanently reverse the basic laws of economics, as evidenced by the historical patterns of economic decline in various regions [5][6]