Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of the private economy in China's economic system and the need for legal protection to ensure its sustainable and high-quality development [5][7][8]. Group 1: Legal Framework and Policy Support - The implementation of the "Private Economy Promotion Law" on May 20 marks a significant milestone in recognizing the legal status of the private economy in China [5]. - The private economy accounts for over 92% of all enterprises in China, contributing more than 50% to both imports and exports, and over 80% to urban employment [7]. - The legal framework has been continuously improved, with constitutional amendments and laws that encourage and support the development of the private economy [8]. Group 2: Challenges and Solutions - The private economy faces challenges such as external economic factors and internal issues like weak legal awareness and lack of compliance mechanisms [10]. - Solutions include enhancing compliance within private enterprises and strengthening the legal system to create a favorable environment for sustainable development [10]. Group 3: Criminal Justice Environment - A sound criminal justice environment is crucial for enhancing the sense of security among private enterprises [11]. - The principle of legality in criminal law must be upheld, ensuring that only actions explicitly defined as crimes are prosecuted [13][14]. - Distinctions must be made between economic disputes and criminal offenses to prevent misuse of criminal law against legitimate business activities [14][15]. Group 4: Fair and Just Punishment - The necessity for criminal punishment must be balanced with fairness and justice, ensuring that penalties are appropriate and reasonable [19][20]. - The evaluation of social harm should consider various factors, including market risks and the overall economic environment [20]. Group 5: Innovation and Development - Private enterprises contribute over 70% of technological innovation in China, highlighting their role as key players in driving innovation [21]. - Legal protections should foster an environment that encourages entrepreneurship and innovation, allowing for a more supportive ecosystem for startups [21].