Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The significant fluctuations in US Treasury bonds are due to the structural contradictions in the US Treasury market, leading to intensified supply - demand imbalances. The recent upward inflation expectations in the US and the repricing of Fed policies have also driven the re - evaluation of risk premiums [9]. - The US Treasury storm may lead to higher financing costs and uncertainty, inhibiting the expansion momentum of the US economy and restricting the scope of monetary policy. The increased volatility of US Treasuries exacerbates the fragility of the financial system, and the weakening of the safety of US Treasuries potentially impacts the international status of the US dollar and may accelerate the reconstruction of the global monetary and financial order [9]. - The probability of this Treasury bond fluctuation triggering a systemic risk is low, but attention should be paid to the impact of Treasury bond trends on the US sovereign credit level [12]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Basic Characteristics and Importance of the US Treasury Market - The US Treasury market is the world's largest and most liquid bond market, a core tool for US fiscal policy and the cornerstone of the global financial system. As of the end of Q1 2025, the outstanding balance of US federal government debt exceeded $36.2 trillion, equivalent to about 125% of GDP. The average daily trading volume has exceeded $630 billion [13]. - It is the anchor of the global financial system. The US Treasury yield (e.g., 10 - year) is the "risk - free interest rate" reference for global asset pricing, and US Treasuries are recognized as safe - haven assets [13]. - It is based on the pillar position of the US dollar in the international monetary system. The US dollar accounts for about 59% of global foreign exchange reserves, making US Treasuries an important part of central banks' foreign exchange reserves [13]. - It is crucial for US fiscal sustainability and the stability of the global financial market. The low financing cost of US Treasuries is key to US fiscal sustainability, and the stability of the Treasury market is vital for global economic and financial stability [14]. 2. Reasons for the Upward Movement of US Treasury Yields (1) Rising Fiscal Financing Demand and Continued Long - term Supply Pressure - In Q1 2025, US fiscal financing demand remained high. As of April 1, 2025, the total federal government debt exceeded $36.2 trillion. The CBO predicts that the budget deficit in fiscal year 2025 will exceed $2 trillion again, accounting for nearly 7% of GDP. The Treasury may gradually increase the issuance scale in the second half of 2025 [15][16]. (2) Upward Inflation Expectations and Fed Policy Repricing Driving Risk Premium Re - evaluation - On April 2, 2025, the Trump administration announced a "reciprocal tariff plan", which is expected to significantly increase import prices and exacerbate imported inflation risks. Multiple think - tanks warn that if major economies take reciprocal counter - measures, the US inflation center may rise by 1.5 - 2 percentage points. This may lead to greater uncertainty in the Fed's monetary policy path [18]. (3) Declining Demand for US Treasuries Leading to Insufficient Market Liquidity and Reduced Trading Depth - In recent years, the liquidity of the US Treasury market has declined. In March 2025, the US capital market fluctuated significantly, and investor confidence weakened. In April 2025, the liquidity indicators of the Treasury market continued to deteriorate, and the bid - ask spread of 10 - year and 30 - year Treasuries reached the highest level since the 2020 "flash crash". Market orders dropped by more than 40% [19]. 3. Potential Impacts and Risks of the Upward Movement of US Treasury Yields (1) The US Treasury Storm Increases Financing Costs and Uncertainty, Inhibiting US Economic Expansion and Restricting Monetary Policy Space - Rising yields directly increase the financing costs of the US real economy. In April 2025, the 30 - year mortgage rate exceeded 7.25%, and the residential transaction volume decreased by about 12% month - on - month. The nominal financing rate of mid - investment - grade corporate bonds exceeded 5.8%, and some capital expenditure projects were postponed [21]. (2) Increased Volatility of US Treasuries Exacerbates the Fragility of the Financial System and Amplifies Systemic Financial Risks at Home and Globally - The significant increase in US Treasury yields is causing a wide - scale re - evaluation of the balance sheets of the financial system, increasing the vulnerability of domestic financial institutions and amplifying global financial stability risks through cross - market linkages. In April 2025, emerging market bond ETFs had a net capital outflow of over $4 billion in the first two weeks [23][25]. (3) The Weakening of the Safety of US Treasuries Potentially Impacts the International Status of the US Dollar and May Accelerate the Reconstruction of the Global Order - The US Treasury market's weakening liquidity and increased volatility are eroding the traditional safe - haven perception of US Treasuries. The issue of US fiscal sustainability is becoming more prominent, which is eroding the credit foundation of the US dollar and may accelerate the shift of international reserve asset allocation to a multi - currency system [26]. 4. Future Scenario Analysis of US Treasury Trends (1) Baseline Scenario (60% Probability): Policy Tends to be Restrained, and the Market Restores Limited Stability - The Trump administration shows some policy convergence after market fluctuations, and the Fed maintains its independence and gradually releases easing signals. In the short term, US Treasury yields may remain at a relatively high level, but the sharp upward trend will slow down, and volatility is expected to converge. In the medium term, if policy stability improves and the Fed gradually cuts interest rates, Treasury yields are expected to decline [28][30]. (2) Risk Scenario (30% Probability): Radical Tariff Policies Lead to a Sharp Rebound in Inflation, Policy Re - tightening, and a Significant Increase in US Treasury Risks - If the US imposes comprehensive tariffs and global energy and commodity prices rise, inflation may rise above 3%. The Fed may be forced to postpone interest rate cuts, and the US economy's "stagflation" expectations will be strengthened. Both short - term and long - term Treasury yields face upward pressure [31]. (3) Crisis Scenario (10% Probability): In Extreme Situations, the Trump Administration Continues to Take Radical Policies and Puts Pressure on the Fed, Leading to Monetary Policy Chaos and a Financial Crisis - If the Trump administration promotes high - intensity fiscal expansion and trade protection measures, and the Fed loses its policy independence, it may trigger a liquidity crisis. The 10 - year yield may soar irrationally, and the US financial system may face a serious systemic financial crisis [32].