【编者按】为什么女性永远觉得自己不够美？ 初版于1991年的《美貌的神话》比以往任何时刻都振聋发聩。在这本畅销30年的女性主义经典中，作者 娜奥米·沃尔夫批判了虚构的完美身体标准对女性的压迫及其背后的权力关系。三十四年后的今天，尽 管女性地位的提升和性别观念的进步使主体性审美成为可能，但商业与技术仍然使越来越多的人卷入身 体商品化之中。 经出版社授权，第一财经节选第七章《暴力》，以飨读者。 女性的丑陋之病及其治疗 在束缚女性的所有枷锁中，对美貌的苛求或许是最顽固、最隐秘、最难以摆脱的一个。 维多利亚时代和现代医疗系统都把健康女性特征的某些方面重新分类为奇怪的异常。维多利亚时代的医 学"把怀孕和更年期视为疾病，把月经视为一种慢性紊乱，把分娩视为一场手术"。一位月经期的女性接 受泻药治疗，被强制用药，接受坐浴治疗和水蛭疗法。过度追求月经管理，就像今天过度追求女性的脂 肪管理一样："正确地稳固住月经功能被认为对女性心理健康必不可少，不论是在青春期还是在女性的 整个生命周期，都是必要的。"维持生殖就像维持"美貌"一样，被看作非常重要的女性功能：恰似他们 今天所做的那样，医生于是帮助维多利亚时代的女性"在几乎压倒性的身 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the pervasive issue of beauty standards and body image anxiety faced by women, highlighting the historical and ongoing societal pressures that dictate women's appearances and the implications of these standards on their rights and identities [2][6][17]. Group 1: Beauty Standards and Societal Pressures - The magazine's focus on Princess Amalia's body at a young age sparked criticism, reflecting the harmful nature of public commentary on women's bodies [1][2]. - Body and appearance anxieties are prevalent globally, influenced by extreme aesthetic definitions that vary by culture, such as the Western ideal of health and the Chinese preference for "white, young, and thin" [2][7]. - Naomi Wolf's "The Beauty Myth" argues that societal pressures create a perpetual state of anxiety for women regarding their appearance, framing beauty as an obligation rather than a personal choice [3][5][12]. Group 2: Impact on Women's Rights and Identity - Despite advancements in women's rights, narrow definitions of beauty continue to restrict women's perceptions and life choices, often leading to a false sense of independence [8][17]. - The beauty industry and societal expectations create a "beauty currency," where women's worth is often tied to their appearance, impacting their opportunities in various fields, including the workplace [12][17]. - The article emphasizes that the pursuit of beauty can distract women from seeking true equality, as they become preoccupied with conforming to societal standards [17][18]. Group 3: Historical Context and Evolution - The concept of the "beauty myth" has evolved over time, with technological advancements reinforcing idealized images of women, leading to increased mental health issues related to body image [11][14]. - Historical narratives show that as women gain rights, new forms of societal control emerge, often manifesting through beauty standards that demand women to fulfill multiple roles [17][19]. - The article suggests that the ongoing pressure to conform to beauty standards is a form of social control that undermines women's autonomy and reinforces patriarchal structures [16][17].