当地时间13日，巴西总统卢拉签发行政命令实施一项援助计划，帮扶受美国加征高额关税影响的巴西出 口企业。该计划以加强金融信贷和政府收购为核心，重点帮助难以找到替代市场的巴西企业。卢拉表示 巴西主权不容侵犯，将继续主张与美国谈判解决关税争端。 8月初，美国总统特朗普将部分巴西商品的关税从10%上调至50%，巴西咖啡、牛肉、海产品、纺织 品、鞋类和水果等行业受到冲击。根据巴西政府的援助计划，巴西政府将通过巴西国家开发银行管理的 现有出口担保基金提供300亿雷亚尔（约合人民币399亿元）的信贷额度，同时巴西政府还将追加45亿雷 亚尔，用于加强支持中小企业的基金。 巴西总统卢拉：现在让人感到不愉快的是，美国对巴西实施的制裁不存在正当理由。实际上，巴西没有 被征税的理由。我们将继续坚持谈判，我们倾向于谈判，并不想发生冲突。现在我们唯一要求的是我们 的主权不容侵犯。 巴西政府的援助计划还包括减轻出口企业税负，帮助其保持在美国市场的竞争力；支持巴西政府收购原 定销往美国市场的商品，并重新分配供应给公立学校和医院等。据了解，此行政命令须在4个月内获得 巴西国会批准才能持续有效。 （文章来源：央视新闻） ...

Core Viewpoint - The European Union (EU) is prepared to impose additional counter-tariffs on $84 billion worth of U.S. imports if trade negotiations fail, in response to the U.S. imposing a 30% tariff on EU goods starting August 1 [1][2]. Group 1: EU's Response to U.S. Tariffs - The EU's Trade Commissioner, Valdis Dombrovskis, indicated that the EU considers the U.S. tariff threat "absolutely unacceptable" and is ready to prepare countermeasures [1]. - The EU aims to reach a fair agreement but is also preparing for retaliation if faced with unfair tariffs [1][2]. - Dombrovskis warned that the U.S. tariffs would severely impact transatlantic trade and supply chains, making it nearly impossible to continue trade as before [1]. Group 2: Strategic Partnerships and Diversification - One of the EU's strategies in response to the tariff dispute is to collaborate with "like-minded partners" and diversify its trade relationships [1]. - Successful examples of this strategy include trade agreements with South American countries and ongoing negotiations with Indonesia [1].

Core Viewpoint - The Brazilian IBOVESPA index has declined nearly 1% amid reports that the Brazilian government is considering legal action against the United States at the World Trade Organization regarding a 50% tariff on certain products [1] Group 1 - The Brazilian government is exploring options to challenge the U.S. tariffs through the World Trade Organization [1] - The government argues that the WTO prohibits discriminatory tariffs and mandates equal treatment of trade partners, except in cases involving national security risks [1] - Brazil is analyzing which U.S. products to impose strategic tariffs on as part of its response [1]