资本下乡

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资本下乡与农民进城:村庄社会如何变迁?
Hu Xiu· 2025-10-08 01:08
当前我国进入全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新发展阶段,既面临着前所未有的发展机遇,也面临着诸多挑战。 中国的发展道路独特,没有先例可循,构建融合文化视野和历史维度的发展理论,具有举足轻重的现实意义。 解决了"钱"和"地"的问题之后,引导农民进城成为现阶段中国接力式城镇化的重要任务(周飞舟等,2018)。与 此同时,农业生产劳动力的人口结构与劳动能力发生了较大变化(朱启臻、杨汇泉,2011),这为城市工商资本 下沉到村庄流转土地、经营农业,即资本下乡提供了可能。农民进城与资本下乡并存,既是中国城镇化发展进程 中的历史阶段,也是村庄社会变迁的动力之一。 作为农业经营的基本单元与村庄社会的核心载体,农民家庭深植于中国特有的家庭主义文化传统中。相较于西 方,中国家庭不仅是经济资源配置的核算单位,更是代际责任、伦理规范与情感认同的文化共同体(黄宗智, 2011)。 目前,中国农业正经历着深刻转型,农业劳动力的减少与农业资本投入的增加推动了中国农业的"去过密化"发展 趋势,经营形态正在发生快速变革(黄宗智、彭玉生,2007;叶敬忠、吴玉存,2019),同时,大量脱离土地的 农民工涌入城市,城乡要素流动更加活跃,逐步形成了" ...
如何做大做强中国农业?专访中欧国际工商学院许定波:以“平台”打破县域发展局限,培育真正的农业龙头企业
Mei Ri Jing Ji Xin Wen· 2025-09-13 11:51
每经记者|杨煜 每经编辑|陈俊杰 年初,中央一号文件首提"发展农业新质生产力",中国农业又一次来到转型升级的重要关口。如何引导先进生产要素进一步向农业农村聚集?如何抓住做大 做强中国农业的"牛鼻子"?这些问题有赖于政、商、学界的协同作答。 近日,中欧国际工商学院在京举办第五期"智荟中欧·企业赋能学习坊",聚焦"新质生产力驱动下的乡村产业新布局"。期间,中欧国际工商学院副教务长、 法国依视路会计学教席教授许定波接受了《每日经济新闻》记者(以下简称NBD)的现场专访。 中国是农业大国。截至2024年末,约4.65亿人常住于乡村,占总人口比例约33.0%,但农业经营主体仍以小农户为主。根据第三次全国农业普查数据,小农 户从业人员占到全国农业从业人员约九成,经营耕地10亩以下的农户达到2.1亿户。 NBD:农业领域生产要素创新性配置仍存在哪些障碍?如何破解? 许定波:目前,我国农业发展模式呈现政府主导和区域性特点,县政府为直接的管理主体,这种集约式农业的规模有限。当然,农业关系到粮食安全,其特 殊性决定了不能完全交给市场主导,但也应该适当发挥市场机制的作用,比如企业由市场驱动,他们会打破地域限制进行集中规划,扩大经营 ...
资本下乡,真的不好吗?
Hu Xiu· 2025-06-20 02:04
Group 1: Core Perspective - The article discusses the transformation of D Town's fishing industry and the role of external capital in revitalizing rural economies, emphasizing the importance of capital infusion for sustainable development [1][12]. Group 2: Collective Economy and Strong Village Companies - The rapid urbanization has led to significant government investment in rural areas, with D Town attracting external companies like T Company through favorable policies, which include land and tax incentives [2][3]. - Strong village companies represent a fusion of collective economic structures and external capital, aiming for mutual benefits between villages and enterprises, thereby enhancing local economic growth [2][3]. Group 3: Village Vitality and Industrial Revitalization - T Company provides comprehensive support to local farmers, including technical guidance and guaranteed purchase of fish, which encourages more residents to engage in aquaculture and revitalizes the local economy [6][7]. - The establishment of T Company has led to the modernization of D Town's fishing industry, promoting a shift from traditional practices to a more organized and scalable approach, thus increasing local income [6][7][8]. Group 4: Capital Infusion and Farmer Benefits - Capital infusion helps connect farmers with larger markets, reducing risks associated with traditional farming methods and providing more stable income opportunities [10][11]. - However, there are concerns regarding the potential exploitation of farmers, as capital-driven practices may prioritize profit over local interests, leading to increased costs for resources like fish fry [11][12]. Group 5: Conclusion - The article concludes that while capital infusion is a viable solution for addressing funding shortages in rural development, it is crucial to ensure that farmers' interests are protected to achieve long-term stability and growth in rural areas [12].