Demand - The global e-commerce penetration rate is increasing, accelerated by the pandemic, with global e-commerce retail sales reaching $5.4 trillion in 2022 and expected to reach approximately $6 trillion in 2023. The penetration rate rose from 7% in 2015 to 19% in 2022, projected to reach 23% by 2026 [3][4] - The e-commerce market is concentrated in the Asia-Pacific and North America/Europe regions, which account for about 88% of the global market. Emerging markets like Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Africa show strong growth potential [3][4] - The U.S. and Western Europe are key markets for consumer goods due to high GDP per capita and strong consumer willingness, while the Middle East offers a favorable trade environment and Southeast Asia has a large population with significant consumption potential [3][4] Supply - Amazon holds a dominant position in the e-commerce industry across North America, Western Europe, and other regions, with a global market share of approximately 15% in 2022. Over 50% of cross-border sellers prefer Amazon as their platform [5][7] - Temu has pioneered a fully managed operation model since September 2022, attracting domestic sellers and global buyers, leading to a trend among platforms to adopt similar models [7] - China has a strong supply chain advantage, providing a rich and high-quality product base for cross-border e-commerce, which also drives the digital transformation of its manufacturing sector [8] - The cross-border direct shipping and overseas warehouse model is currently mainstream, with over 2,000 overseas warehouses in China and a significant increase in the number of warehouses in emerging markets [9]