长江禁渔五年，发生了哪些变化？ 新华社记者李思远 2021年1月1日全面启动以来，长江十年禁渔已实施满5年。 农业农村部长江流域渔政监督管理办公室表示，5年来，长江禁渔取得阶段性明显成效：水生生物 多样性恢复向好，退捕渔民基本实现安居乐业，禁捕管理保持总体稳定。江豚逐浪起，鲟鱼竞洄 游，万里江涛上，人水和谐的画卷不断铺展。 水生生物多样性恢复向好 农业农村部长江流域渔政监督管理办公室主任江开勇介绍，2024年到2025年，中华鲟放流规模连 续两年超过100万尾，有效补充了野外种群。长江鲟自然繁殖试验取得成功，野外种群重建迈出重 要步伐。 十年禁渔，让长江得以休养生息。 越来越多的标志性物种回归公众视野。消失多年的鳤鱼出现频次快速增加，"长江三鲜"之一的刀 鲚重新溯河到达最远的洞庭湖…… 江开勇表示，长江水生生物多样性恢复向好。干流水生生物完整性指数持续提升。2021年至2024 年，长江流域累计监测到土著鱼类344种，较2017年至2020年增加36种。 渔民从"靠水吃水"到"护水兴水" 禁渔成与败，关键在渔民。5年来，长江流域各地构建培训强技、创业强心、政策兜底的精准服务 体系，为渔民织密保障网。退捕渔民实 ...

Core Viewpoint - The ten-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River has significantly impacted local fishermen, necessitating effective support and planning to help them transition to new livelihoods and ensure their well-being while promoting ecological protection and economic development [1][2]. Employment and Livelihood Transition - The Yangtze River fishing ban has led to the establishment of various support measures for fishermen, including employment assistance, social security coverage, and entrepreneurial support, resulting in a comprehensive safety net for those affected [2][3]. - As of 2024, 231,000 fishermen have been affected by the ban, with 145,000 actively transitioning to new jobs, and 220,000 included in pension insurance programs, with over 58,000 already receiving pensions [2][3]. - Local governments have implemented diverse support strategies, such as one-on-one pairing of officials with fishermen to address employment and healthcare issues, achieving a 100% employment and insurance coverage rate in some areas [3][4]. New Economic Opportunities - Fishermen have diversified into various industries, including ecological aquaculture, paper product manufacturing, and environmental protection roles, with many finding new careers that align with their skills and interests [5][6][7]. - The "catch-to-farm" model has gained traction, with significant areas dedicated to aquaculture, providing employment for hundreds of fishermen [7][8]. - Innovative projects, such as the introduction of digital aquaculture technologies, are being developed to enhance productivity and sustainability in the fishing industry [9][11]. Ecological and Cultural Impact - The fishing ban has led to improved ecological conditions in the Yangtze River, fostering biodiversity and creating new tourism opportunities centered around ecological conservation [10][11]. - Fishermen have also engaged in cultural and ecological tourism, with some establishing businesses that promote local heritage and provide employment for fellow fishermen [10][11]. Future Directions - Moving forward, there will be a focus on technological innovation and the transformation of traditional industries to ensure sustainable economic development while maintaining ecological integrity [11].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the need for effective measures to ensure that fishermen who have exited the industry can stabilize their livelihoods and achieve prosperity, addressing the challenges faced by different regions based on their economic development and resource endowments [1] - There is a recognition that some fishermen face difficulties in employment due to factors such as age, education level, and skill limitations, leading to lower income and job stability [1] - A multi-layered support system is necessary, including improved social security for those unable to work, the development of diverse public welfare jobs, and targeted training for those willing to learn [1] Group 2 - Public employment service initiatives like the "Spring Breeze Action" should establish recruitment zones specifically for fishermen, providing job information and career guidance tailored to their skills [2] - Long-term development for fishermen relies on internal motivation, with successful cases showing that when fishermen can adapt their traditional skills to new industries, their engagement and sustainability increase [2] - The importance of policy support is highlighted, but individual effort is also crucial for achieving success in transitioning to new livelihoods [2]