Core Insights - Heavy-duty trucks are significant contributors to carbon emissions in the transportation sector, with global transport accounting for approximately 22% of CO2 emissions, and China's heavy trucks contributing nearly 40% of the industry's emissions despite only representing 3.1% of total vehicles [2] - The transition to low-carbon solutions for heavy-duty trucks is a key focus for the automotive industry, with diverse pathways including pure electric, hybrid, and low-carbon fuels [2] Hybrid Technology: A Golden Solution for Efficiency - Hybrid systems in heavy-duty trucks combine diesel and electric power, offering advantages over traditional diesel engines in terms of energy efficiency, environmental impact, and total cost of ownership (TCO) [3][4] - In standard conditions, hybrid heavy-duty trucks can reduce fuel consumption by 15% compared to traditional diesel trucks, with potential savings of up to 20% in real-world scenarios [3][4] - The TCO for hybrid trucks is lower over a million-kilometer lifespan, saving approximately 270,000 yuan compared to diesel trucks, while also reducing CO2 emissions by 163 tons [4] Fuel Choices: Balancing Energy Consumption and Costs - LNG and methanol heavy-duty trucks have lower TCO compared to diesel and pure electric trucks, with LNG sales increasing significantly due to its economic advantages [6] - The energy consumption of LNG and methanol trucks is about 15% higher than diesel, while pure electric trucks have the highest efficiency [6][7] - The TCO for LNG trucks is less sensitive to energy price fluctuations, making them a more stable option in the current market [7] Carbon Emissions Overview: From Operation to Energy Cycle - The carbon emissions from heavy-duty trucks must consider both operational emissions and those from the energy production process, with hybrid technology reducing operational CO2 emissions by 14% to 19% [9][10] - The production methods for fuels like methanol and hydrogen significantly impact their overall carbon footprint, with coal-derived fuels resulting in higher emissions compared to diesel [10] - The transition to low-carbon fuels requires advancements in production processes to ensure that the overall carbon emissions are reduced [10][11] Policy Levers: Driving Technology Adoption - Government policies, such as carbon trading mechanisms, can incentivize the adoption of low-carbon technologies in the heavy-duty truck sector [12] - Subsidies for hydrogen trucks and exemptions from toll fees can significantly reduce TCO, encouraging more companies to adopt hydrogen technology [12] - The promotion of hybrid technology and green fuels through policy measures can facilitate a transition towards a more sustainable heavy-duty truck industry [12][13] Conclusion: Collaborative Advancement of Green Transition - A comprehensive evaluation of new powertrains and fuels is essential for the heavy-duty truck sector, with hybrid technology emerging as a leading solution for energy efficiency and carbon reduction [13] - The industry must balance the economic benefits of LNG and methanol with the need for improved engine efficiency and lower emissions [13] - The path to a greener heavy-duty truck industry will involve a combination of hybridization and low-carbon fuel adoption, tailored to specific transportation scenarios [13]