春节快到了，年宵花卉自然是各地花卉市场上最热门的品类，不管是盆栽还是切花，几乎都是人工规模 化生产的产物，但偶尔也会有个别来自野生采集的花卉混迹其中，最典型的就是兴安杜鹃。 商家一般称其为"干枝梅"，如果到了它的东北老家，人们会叫它"达子香"，正字本来应该是"鞑子香"， 因为古代满族民众喜欢焚烧它的枝叶作为熏香，但这种叫法实在太不礼貌了，所以现在改为了"达子 香"。 作者拍摄 东北地区的冬季长且寒冷，兴安杜鹃每年的生长旺盛期很短，一般四月结束休眠开始生长，四月末五月 初开花，随后抽出新枝条，七八月份就开始孕育新的花芽，九月之后就开始"猫冬"，等待来年春暖，它 再花开。如果在冬季砍下兴安杜鹃的枝条放到温暖的室内泡水，那么它就会提前开花，看上去颇有"枯 木逢春"的寓意，这也是它能跻身年宵花卉的理由。 如果时间回到几年前写这篇文章，我一定会告诉你：不要购买兴安杜鹃，因为当时市面上的兴安杜鹃几 乎都是野生采集而来。如果只采比较新的枝条其实也不太要紧，它还有很强的恢复能力，但采集者往往 会从靠近地面的位置砍，就几乎相当于竭泽而渔。被这样砍过的兴安杜鹃，需要过好几年才能恢复长 势。兴安杜鹃是当地针叶林群落的重要组成物种， ...

Core Insights - Significant progress has been made in the protection of wild plants in China during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with most key protected species effectively safeguarded [1] Group 1: Protection Achievements - China is one of the countries with the richest plant diversity globally, and since the beginning of the "14th Five-Year Plan," 65% of higher plant communities and 80% of nationally key protected wild plants have been effectively protected [3] - Over 300 endangered plant species, including De Bao Cycas and Yellow Orchid, have successfully returned to the wild [3] Group 2: Conservation Initiatives - The first five national parks established during the "14th Five-Year Plan" have protected 141 species of nationally key protected wild plants, and more than 300 rare and endangered wild plant habitat protection points have been established outside natural protected areas [5] - These initiatives have effectively improved the integrity and connectivity of habitats, with over 100 extremely small population wild plants receiving rescue protection [5] - A scientific establishment of an ex-situ conservation system centered around national botanical gardens, including the South China National Botanical Garden, has been developed to ensure large-scale germplasm resource preservation and research support [5] - The national germplasm resource bank has reached its main construction completion, designed to preserve up to 70,000 species, and will collaborate with the national park system to create a new framework for biodiversity protection [5]

Core Viewpoint - The discovery of the critically endangered plant species, Hoya leaf fern, in the Three Gorges Reservoir area highlights the ongoing efforts in biodiversity conservation and the need for protective measures for rare species [1][2]. Group 1: Discovery and Significance - The research team from the Yangtze River Economic Belt Ecological Environment National Engineering Research Center has found wild populations of Hoya leaf fern in Chongqing's Wanzhou and Shizhu regions, marking the second discovery since April 2023 [1][2]. - This newly discovered population is the largest recorded so far, consisting of over 100 individual plants located in remote cliff and canyon areas [2]. Group 2: Habitat and Characteristics - Hoya leaf fern is a unique plant endemic to the Three Gorges Reservoir area, thriving in thin soil layers on sandstone or limestone cliffs, with strict requirements for humidity, ventilation, and light [2]. - The species has a narrow distribution and low individual numbers, significantly impacted by human activities, leading to its classification as a national key protected wild plant and its assessment as "critically endangered" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) [2]. Group 3: Future Research and Conservation Strategies - The research team plans to conduct further studies on the population structure and habitat adaptation mechanisms of Hoya leaf fern, aiming to develop both in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies to support the long-term protection and recovery of this species [4].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the "Yinghong Rhododendron and Zhaoshan White Wild Plant Protection Area" marks a significant advancement in the scientific, standardized, and sustainable protection of wild plants in Beijing [1][2] Group 1: Establishment and Features of the Protection Area - The new protection area is the third wild plant protection area in Beijing and the first located within a state-owned forest farm [1] - It encompasses 542 species of wild plants, including 3 species of national second-level protected plants and 9 species of key protected plants in Beijing [1] - The area includes approximately 1,220 acres of Zhaoshan White, with around 25,000 individual plants, making it the largest distribution area for this species in Beijing [1] - The Yinghong Rhododendron covers about 455 acres with around 5,000 individual plants, and there are over 400 individual Purple Larch across 244 acres [1] Group 2: Significance and Future Plans - The protection area aims to provide a safe and stable habitat for precious wild plants while enhancing public awareness and appreciation for ecological conservation [1][2] - It serves as a large-scale forest ecological landscape experience venue, promoting ecological protection knowledge and fostering a collaborative model involving government, research support, and public participation [2] - Future plans include installing fences and monitoring equipment, improving hiking trails, and strengthening patrols to create a comprehensive protection model for sustainable development of key protected wild plants [2]

Core Viewpoint - The illegal sale of Cordyceps sinensis, a nationally protected wild plant, has been highlighted through the case of a biotechnology company in Hangzhou, which was found selling this product without the necessary permits [1][2][3]. Regulatory Compliance - The company was reported for selling Cordyceps sinensis without approval from the relevant authorities, violating the Wild Plant Protection Regulations of the People's Republic of China [2][3]. - The company sold a total of 75 grams of wild Cordyceps sinensis, generating sales of 21,600 yuan, with illegal gains amounting to 5,100 yuan [2]. Enforcement Actions - Following the investigation, the company was penalized with the confiscation of illegal gains and a fine, amounting to 10,200 yuan, due to their violation of the regulations [3]. - The company ceased sales of the product and applied for the necessary permits after the incident, which was considered a mitigating factor in the enforcement decision [3]. Industry Implications - The case underscores the importance of obtaining proper approvals for the sale and purchase of nationally protected wild plants, as outlined in the Wild Plant Protection Regulations [4]. - Consumers and businesses are urged to be vigilant about the legality of wild plant sales and to report any illegal activities to help maintain ecological balance and market order [4].