工商银行近日发布一则公告，宣布从1月12日起，提高个人客户积存金投资所需的风险测评等级，引发 市场关注。 当前，银行一般根据投资者的不同情况将其风险偏好评价分为五级，包括谨慎型（保守型）、稳健型、 平衡型、进取型和激进型，分别对应客户风险承受能力等级为低风险、中低风险、中风险、中高风险和 高风险，客户的风险偏好和承受能力逐级增高。 《国际金融报》记者从工行客服处了解到，此次调整前，个人客户通过该行风险能力评测并取得C1-保 守型及以上的评估结果，同时签订个人积存金风险揭示书后，即可办理个人积存金业务。 值得一提的是，记者发现，当前多家主流银行对积存金业务的风险评级都在中风险及以上。 "因为黄金产品的波动性比较高，我行需要最高风险等级（激进型）才能投资。"一位建设银行的客户经 理告诉记者。此外，交通银行贵金属钱包业务规则显示，该类产品业务风险评级为4R（增长型），约 与前述进取型相当。邮储银行和中国银行相关产品同样要求客户具备中等以上的风险承受能力。 复旦发展研究院助理研究员、复旦平安宏观经济研究中心主任助理石烁指出，银行上调积存金风险准入 等级源自市场波动、投资者保护和产品风险属性。 银行积存金产品是指客户开 ...

Core Insights - The personal loan business is a crucial profit source for banks, with increasing competition leading to aggressive retail strategies among major banks [1][2] - The shift from investment-driven to consumption-driven economic growth in China has prompted banks to enhance their consumer loan offerings as part of broader macroeconomic policies [2][4] - The six major state-owned banks have significantly increased their personal consumption loan portfolios, with total growth exceeding 1.8 trillion yuan, driven by policy support and strategic adjustments [3][4] Group 1: Market Dynamics - The consumer loan market is experiencing intense competition, with state-owned banks, joint-stock banks, and city commercial banks all vying for market share [1][6] - In 2024, the six major banks' personal consumption loans (including credit card overdrafts) surpassed 1 trillion yuan in incremental growth, reflecting a robust demand for consumer credit [4] - Agricultural Bank of China reported a personal consumption loan issuance of 561.6 billion yuan in 2024, marking a year-on-year increase of 876 billion yuan [4] Group 2: Performance Metrics - As of 2024, the personal consumption loan balances for major banks are as follows: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (421.2 billion yuan), Agricultural Bank of China (476.4 billion yuan), and Construction Bank (527.9 billion yuan), all showing significant year-on-year growth [3][4] - Credit card overdraft balances also saw growth, with Agricultural Bank of China increasing by 22.68% year-on-year, while other banks like Postal Savings Bank experienced a decline in growth rates [4][5] - The non-performing loan (NPL) ratios for personal consumption loans in 2024 were reported as follows: Industrial and Commercial Bank (2.39%), Agricultural Bank (1.55%), and Postal Savings Bank (1.34%) [5] Group 3: Strategic Initiatives - Major banks are leveraging their financial strength and customer bases to capture market share in consumer loans, with a focus on scenario-based services through partnerships with retailers and e-commerce platforms [6][14] - City commercial banks are also adapting their strategies, with Jiangsu Bank leading in personal loan balances at 674.8 billion yuan, while others like Ningbo Bank and Nanjing Bank are refining their customer targeting and service models [7][9] - Some banks are introducing large consumer loan products backed by real estate, indicating a trend towards higher loan amounts and longer terms to attract borrowers [11][12] Group 4: Future Outlook - The consumer loan market is expected to continue its rapid growth, driven by government policies aimed at boosting consumption and the banks' strategic focus on expanding their loan portfolios [4][19] - The balance between loan growth and risk management will be critical for banks, as rising non-performing loan rates could lead to more cautious lending practices [16][19] - Innovative products, such as personal loans for electric vehicles, are emerging as banks seek to capture niche markets within the broader consumer loan landscape [18]