Group 1: Anti-Telecom Fraud Measures - The Zhejiang Provincial Government has introduced the "Implementation Measures for the Anti-Telecom Network Fraud Law," which is the first local regulation in the anti-fraud field in China, aimed at curbing telecom fraud crimes that have been on the rise [2][3] - The measures include a dedicated chapter on public education to enhance awareness and ability to identify fraud, requiring innovative outreach activities tailored to specific industries, regions, and demographics [2] - Telecom operators are mandated to implement real-name registration and network security protocols, with the authority to refuse service under specific circumstances, and must provide risk warnings for international messaging and call services [2][3] Group 2: Financial Governance in Fraud Prevention - Financial institutions, including banks and non-bank payment agencies, are empowered to refuse account openings under certain conditions to prevent the transfer of fraudulent funds [3] - The measures require these institutions to classify and manage accounts based on risk levels, enhancing monitoring of suspicious transactions [3] Group 3: Emergency Medical Response Regulations - The "Zhejiang Province Pre-Hospital Medical Emergency Regulations" emphasize the public service nature of emergency medical services and mandate the establishment of emergency points that meet biological and chemical safety standards [4][5] - The regulations require 24-hour staffing at emergency centers and stations, ensuring immediate dispatch upon receiving emergency calls, and establishing a mechanism for coordinating medical treatment and transport in disaster scenarios [4][5] - There is a focus on public education regarding emergency response, with requirements for schools and organizations to incorporate first aid training into their curricula [6]

Core Viewpoint - The increasing demand for non-emergency medical transport services is highlighted, driven by economic development and an aging population, alongside the challenges posed by illegal "black ambulances" that exploit this demand [5][9]. Group 1: Emergency vs. Non-Emergency Medical Transport - The healthcare system in China categorizes ambulances into two types: emergency medical services (EMS) funded by the government and non-emergency medical transport services, which are often market-driven and lack clear regulatory frameworks [7][10]. - Emergency medical services are well-established with unified dispatch systems, while non-emergency transport services are still developing, leading to inconsistencies and potential exploitation by unregulated operators [7][11]. Group 2: Issues with "Black Ambulances" - "Black ambulances" are characterized by low operational costs and often lack proper medical equipment and qualified personnel, posing significant risks to patients [8][9]. - The prevalence of these illegal services is attributed to a supply-demand imbalance in the non-emergency transport market, where legitimate services are insufficient to meet the needs of patients [9][10]. Group 3: Regulatory Challenges - The regulatory oversight of non-emergency medical transport is fragmented across various government departments, leading to ineffective enforcement against illegal operations [10][12]. - The lack of a unified policy framework at the national level complicates the establishment of standards for service quality, vehicle registration, and personnel qualifications [12][13]. Group 4: Proposed Solutions - Experts suggest expanding the supply of legitimate non-emergency medical transport services to meet diverse patient needs and reduce reliance on illegal operators [12][15]. - Recommendations include establishing a unified dispatch system, improving regulatory frameworks, and enhancing service standards to ensure patient safety and service quality [15][16].