以下文章来源于冷杉RECORD ，作者史东旭 冷杉RECORD . 凤凰周刊出品。让讲述更有生命力。 巨大缺口下，"黑救护"成了安放人们医疗需求的最后选择。 文 ｜ 史东旭 编辑 ｜ 卢伊 来源｜ 冷杉RECORD（ID： fhzkfirstory ） 封面来源 ｜ Pixabay 32 岁的刘丽丽死在了救护车上。 她人生中的最后 12 小时，都在这辆车上。它载着病情危重的她，从家乡长春，驶往 1000 公里外的北京紧急求生。 一切本该争分夺秒。但令刘丽丽一家没想到的是，近 12 小时的转运途中，这辆救护车却状况频出：氧气供应不足，中途两次停车加氧；跟车医护人员拒 绝了家属的面包火腿肠，而是坚持在服务区用餐半小时。家属认为，这些延误了宝贵的救治时间。 最终，刘丽丽死在了救护车上。此时距离目的地，只剩不到 60 公里。 母亲张凤琴想不通，救护车明明是医院推荐的，花费也高达 1.3 万元，这本应是一次"稳妥的选择"，为何最终会"人财两空"？加上女儿的死亡也存在诸多 疑点，她决心通过法律手段寻找答案。 直至生命的最后一刻，刘丽丽都在救护车上。 2020 年 7 月 29 日，由于患有风湿病的右腿疼痛，刘丽丽进入吉林 ...

Core Viewpoint - The increasing demand for non-emergency medical transport services is highlighted, driven by economic development and an aging population, alongside the challenges posed by illegal "black ambulances" that exploit this demand [5][9]. Group 1: Emergency vs. Non-Emergency Medical Transport - The healthcare system in China categorizes ambulances into two types: emergency medical services (EMS) funded by the government and non-emergency medical transport services, which are often market-driven and lack clear regulatory frameworks [7][10]. - Emergency medical services are well-established with unified dispatch systems, while non-emergency transport services are still developing, leading to inconsistencies and potential exploitation by unregulated operators [7][11]. Group 2: Issues with "Black Ambulances" - "Black ambulances" are characterized by low operational costs and often lack proper medical equipment and qualified personnel, posing significant risks to patients [8][9]. - The prevalence of these illegal services is attributed to a supply-demand imbalance in the non-emergency transport market, where legitimate services are insufficient to meet the needs of patients [9][10]. Group 3: Regulatory Challenges - The regulatory oversight of non-emergency medical transport is fragmented across various government departments, leading to ineffective enforcement against illegal operations [10][12]. - The lack of a unified policy framework at the national level complicates the establishment of standards for service quality, vehicle registration, and personnel qualifications [12][13]. Group 4: Proposed Solutions - Experts suggest expanding the supply of legitimate non-emergency medical transport services to meet diverse patient needs and reduce reliance on illegal operators [12][15]. - Recommendations include establishing a unified dispatch system, improving regulatory frameworks, and enhancing service standards to ensure patient safety and service quality [15][16].

Core Points - The establishment of a cross-border patient transfer mechanism between Zhuhai and Macau has significantly improved the efficiency of emergency medical services [1][2] - The "green life channel" was activated for the first time for a cross-border ambulance transfer, completing the process in just 2 minutes and 44 seconds [1] - The new mechanism allows for quicker coordination and processing of patient transfers, with efficiency improved by over 100% compared to previous methods [2] Summary by Sections - **Mechanism Establishment** - The Zhuhai Municipal Health Bureau issued a notification in April to establish a point-to-point cross-border transfer mechanism for patients and their families between Zhuhai and Macau [1] - The mechanism was developed in collaboration with designated hospitals, police, customs, and other port inspection units [1] - **Operational Efficiency** - The new process requires confirmation from both sides to initiate a transfer, followed by a notification to the Zhuhai Border Inspection Command Center [2] - The efficiency of the cross-border transfer has more than doubled, meeting the expectations set by the involved authorities [2] - **Future Improvements** - The Zhuhai Border Inspection Station plans to further enhance the process by improving coordination in vehicle guidance, document processing, and security monitoring [2]