本文来自微信公众号：简单心理 （ID：jdxl2000），作者：江湖边，题图来自：AI生成 最近我看到一组数据：厌学的青少年，正变得越来越多。 她告诉我：拒学是一个全球性现象，并不只发生在东亚，也并不只是中小学生，更与成绩好不好没关系。 "做我们这行的都知道，即便是在牛津剑桥这样的大学，每年崩溃的大一新生都很多。从东方到西方，来心理治 疗室里的孩子，很多都是大众口中的好孩子。他们看起来什么都好，活动、学校、成绩样样好，可依旧会有心理 状况。 我们要认清的是：一个情绪不好的孩子，完全有可能成绩非常好。因为情绪和自我功能是两个层面的事情，当然 它们是互相影响的。" 在十几年的临床工作中，严艺家发现，"拒学不仅仅和情绪有关，也牵扯到家庭、人际互动。在更广泛的视角 上，它同样是一个社会产物。" 国外也有类似的结论。 对青少年厌学问题长达一个世纪的研究显示，缺勤是心理问题的一个预测因素[3]。我读到一篇文献说，在国外一 个大型社区样本中，存在1/4的拒学儿童符合DSM-IV诊断标准（Egger，2003）。 当然，对厌学的病理化解读是片面的。厌学背后存在许多动因。比如同伴欺凌、与老师关系不和、对评价体系敏 感，或是孩子 ...

Group 1 - The increasing trend of school refusal among younger children highlights a growing concern in the educational and psychological landscape [1][2] - School refusal is often misinterpreted as laziness or rebellion, but it reflects deeper psychological struggles and family dynamics [1][2] - Understanding the underlying causes of school refusal is essential for effective intervention and support [1][9] Group 2 - Five core reasons for school refusal include: 1. Overwhelming pressure from academic demands, peer competition, and parental expectations leading to avoidance behavior [2] 2. A lack of belonging, where negative social experiences transform school from a supportive environment to a source of stress [3] 3. A collapse of self-efficacy, where repeated academic failures lead to a belief in one's inability to succeed [4] 4. A loss of meaning in education when external goals overshadow personal interests [5] 5. Hidden expressions of psychological trauma or disorders, such as anxiety or ADHD, manifesting as school refusal [7][6] Group 3 - Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to school refusal due to ongoing brain development, especially in areas responsible for emotional regulation and impulse control [8] - The immaturity of the prefrontal cortex makes it difficult for adolescents to manage stress rationally, often resulting in impulsive avoidance behaviors [8] - Increased pressure from parents can exacerbate the situation, leading to stronger resistance and emotional turmoil in children [8]

Group 1 - The article discusses the increasing number of students experiencing depression and school refusal, highlighting the societal misunderstandings surrounding these issues [1][3][20] - A psychologist, Li Wei, emphasizes that the root causes of these problems often lie within the family dynamics rather than the children themselves [5][14][44] - The impact of the pandemic on children's social skills and mental health is significant, with many losing the ability to form friendships [4][22][21] Group 2 - Li Wei suggests that addressing basic needs such as eating, sleeping, and exercising can be the first steps in helping these children [37][40][41] - The article illustrates various case studies of children suffering from severe mental health issues, often linked to their family environments [12][13][56] - The importance of family involvement in the healing process is highlighted, with examples showing how parental support can lead to significant improvements in children's mental health [45][50][58]