上的伦坡拉盆地。吴飞翔 供图 羌塘高原 这项青藏高原古鱼研究重要进展，由中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所新生代鱼类研究团队吴飞翔 研究员、杨涛副研究员与中国科学院水生生物研究所合作者共同完成，相关成果论文近日在专业学术期 刊《地质学报》英文版发表。 聚焦青藏高原鱼类演化历史研究 中新网北京2月24日电 (记者 孙自法)作为破解东亚鱼类多样性之谜的关键地区，青藏高原上的鱼化石发 现研究长期以来备受关注。 中国科研团队最近对采自西藏北部伦坡拉盆地的一批中新世(距今约2300万年-533万年)鱼化石标本进行 详细对比研究，确认这些标本均属于鲤科鱼类，并可能代表了两个与同时期其他鲤科鱼类均不同的新类 型，从而揭示青藏高原尤其是化石产地羌塘高原，在1800万年-1500万年前鱼类多样性高于现代。 本次研究发现新的化石标本分别采自盆地内的车布里剖面和论波日剖面(分别简称车布里标本、论波日 标本)地层中，综合此前地层学研究，车布里标本距今约1500万年，论波日标本距今约1800万年–1600万 年。 其中，论波日标本仅为一根不完整的鲤科鱼类假棘，其后缘具有延伸至该鳍条基部的锯齿；车布里标本 包括一件不完整的鱼类头骨化石和 ...

Core Viewpoint - The research led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences reveals the connection between the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the transformation of East Asian climate, emphasizing that without the Tibetan Plateau, the fertile region of Jiangnan would not exist [3][6]. Group 1: Uplift Stages of the Tibetan Plateau - The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has undergone three main stages: 1. Formation of the "two mountains and one basin" structure from 65 million to 40 million years ago, where the Gangdise and Central Mountain ranges rose above 4500 meters, while the central valley remained below 1700 meters [4]. 2. Collaborative uplift of Eastern Tibet and the Central Valley from 40 million to 25 million years ago, leading to the initial formation of a unified plateau [5]. 3. Final shaping of the modern plateau from 25 million to 15 million years ago, with significant uplift of the Himalayas and surrounding regions, establishing the current high-altitude landscape [5][9]. Group 2: Climate Transformation Mechanism - The research illustrates the connection between the differential uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the transition of East Asia from arid desert to a fertile region known as "the land of fish and rice" [6][9]. - Between 65 million and 40 million years ago, the central valley was a low desert area controlled by subtropical high pressure, while the surrounding mountains were not high enough to block atmospheric circulation [6]. - By 25 million years ago, the central valley had risen to near modern elevation, leading to the establishment of a temperate alpine forest landscape and stabilizing the South Asian and East Asian monsoon systems [9]. Group 3: Future Research Directions - Future research directions include: 1. Employing interdisciplinary methods to develop new types of paleoelevation measurements [10]. 2. Conducting quantitative reconstructions in data-scarce areas around the Tibetan Plateau to fill knowledge gaps [10]. 3. Building high-resolution regional Earth system models to study the impacts of plateau uplift on atmospheric circulation, water cycles, and biodiversity [10].

Core Viewpoint - The research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has proposed a new model of uplift for the Tibetan Plateau, transitioning from a mountain-building zone to a unified plateau, which is crucial for understanding the climatic evolution of East Asia and its impact on regions like Jiangnan [4]. Group 1: Uplift Stages of the Tibetan Plateau - The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau occurred in three main stages: 1. Formation of the "two mountains and one basin" structure from 65 million to 40 million years ago, where the Gangdise and Central Range mountain belts rose above 4500 meters, while the central valley remained below 1700 meters [5]. 2. Collaborative uplift of Eastern Tibet and the central valley from 40 million to 25 million years ago, with Eastern Tibet reaching heights similar to present-day levels by the late Eocene [5]. 3. Final shaping of the modern plateau from 25 million to 15 million years ago, with the Himalayas rapidly rising above 5000 meters, marking the establishment of the current plateau landscape [5]. Group 2: Climate Transformation Mechanism - The research elucidates the connection between the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the transformation of East Asia's climate from arid deserts to fertile regions, with significant climatic changes occurring as the plateau rose [6][8]. - By 25 million years ago, the central valley had reached near-present elevation, leading to the formation of a temperate alpine forest landscape across the Tibetan Plateau, which contributed to the climatic shift in the Jiangnan region [8]. Group 3: Future Research Directions - Future research will focus on three major breakthrough areas: 1. Developing new types of paleoelevation metrics through interdisciplinary approaches [9]. 2. Conducting quantitative reconstructions in data-scarce areas of Northern Tibet and surrounding mountain ranges to fill existing data gaps [9]. 3. Establishing high-resolution regional Earth system models for the Tibetan Plateau to study the impacts of uplift on atmospheric circulation, water cycles, and biodiversity [9].