Core Viewpoint - A slower resting heart rate is generally considered a health advantage, indicating strong cardiac function and potentially longer lifespan, but exceptions exist for individuals with low physical activity levels [1][4][6]. Summary by Sections Resting Heart Rate - The resting heart rate, which reflects the heart's health, is typically between 60 to 100 beats per minute for healthy adults, with athletes possibly having rates as low as 50 beats per minute [4][6]. - A lower resting heart rate indicates efficient heart function, while a higher rate may suggest additional stress on the heart [6]. Health Risks of Abnormal Heart Rates - A resting heart rate consistently below 50 beats per minute may signal pathological bradycardia, especially in individuals over 60 or those without a fitness background [7]. - Rates below 40 beats per minute, accompanied by symptoms like dizziness or fainting, indicate severe cardiac insufficiency and require immediate medical attention [8]. - Conversely, a resting heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute is also concerning, as it can lead to accelerated heart function decline and increased risks of coronary heart disease and stroke [10]. Factors Influencing Heart Rate - Various factors can affect heart rate, including abnormalities in the cardiac conduction system, nervous system issues, hormonal influences, and certain medications [12]. Lifestyle Recommendations for Heart Health - Maintaining a regular lifestyle, including quality sleep and a balanced diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, fruits, and vegetables, is crucial for heart health [15][16]. - Engaging in moderate aerobic exercise and resistance training can strengthen the heart muscle and lower resting heart rate [15][18]. - Managing chronic conditions like high blood sugar and hypertension is essential for reducing cardiac workload [15][18]. - Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can help maintain a stable heart rate [15][18].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes that a lower resting heart rate is associated with longer life expectancy, regardless of gender [3][6][8] - Normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, with a healthier range identified as 50 to 80 beats per minute [3][5] - Studies from France, the UK, and the US indicate that an increase in resting heart rate correlates with higher mortality risk, with specific findings showing a 20% increase in death risk for every 10 beats per minute increase over 80 beats [3][5][6] Group 2 - The article discusses the biological rationale behind lower heart rates being linked to longevity, comparing heart rates of various animals to human health [6][8] - It highlights that a lower resting heart rate indicates better cardiac efficiency and overall health, while a higher resting heart rate may signal additional stress on the heart [8][9] - Recommendations for lowering resting heart rate include engaging in aerobic exercises, which enhance cardiovascular function [9][11] Group 3 - The article provides guidelines for maintaining a healthy exercise routine, suggesting that adults should accumulate 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise weekly [11][12] - It emphasizes the importance of monitoring heart rate during exercise, with specific formulas provided for calculating safe exercise heart rate limits based on age [11][13] - Special considerations are advised for individuals with pre-existing health conditions, recommending medical evaluations before starting exercise programs [13][14]