以下文章来源于肥胖世界ObesityWorld ，作者欢迎订阅 肥胖世界ObesityWorld . 《肥胖世界》Obesity World - 同步传真肥胖及代谢国际新学术进展，为医学减重临床、教研人员搭建一座与国际接轨的桥梁，「每医健」旗下内容平台。 面对琳琅满目的美食诱惑，虽然偶尔放纵一两口不会立刻变胖，但若是管不住嘴，体重难免悄然上升。尤其在如今获取食物变得前所未有容易 的时代，学会适时停下筷子，对每个人都至关重要。 世界卫生组织的最新数据显示，随着生活方式的转变，肥胖已成为全球性的公共健康难题——全球成年肥胖人数已超过8.9亿，占总人口的 13%。尤其在过去四十年里，包括中国在内的许多国家和地区，肥胖人群激增，相关的心血管等慢性疾病风险也随之水涨船高。 众所周知，减肥的核心策略是"少吃多动"，但真正做到却并不容易。对许多人来说，单靠生活方式调整很难实现理想体重，这时药物干预就成 为有效选择。近年来，全球爆火的"网红"减肥药司美格鲁肽，凭借显著的减重效果成为焦点，其主要机制就是通过抑制食欲帮助人们"管住 嘴"。 近日，顶级学术期刊《细胞》发表的一项新研究，为开发全新"管住嘴"类减肥疗法带来了启发。美国 ...

Core Viewpoint - Obesity has become a global public health issue, with over 890 million adults classified as obese, accounting for 13% of the total population. The rise in obesity is linked to lifestyle changes and has increased the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular issues. Traditional weight loss strategies of "eat less, move more" are often insufficient, leading to a growing interest in pharmacological interventions like the popular weight loss drug semaglutide, which suppresses appetite [7][12]. Group 1: Obesity Statistics and Trends - The World Health Organization reports that the number of obese adults worldwide has surpassed 890 million, representing 13% of the global population. This trend has been particularly pronounced over the past 40 years, with significant increases in obesity rates in many countries, including China [7]. - The rise in obesity is associated with a higher risk of chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the urgent need for effective weight management strategies [7]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Appetite Regulation - Recent research from Columbia University has identified a new group of neurons in the brainstem that play a crucial role in regulating appetite by integrating signals related to food intake and satiety. These neurons secrete cholecystokinin (CCK) to signal the body to stop eating [8][10]. - Unlike traditional satiety neurons that only respond to stomach fullness, these newly discovered neurons can continuously track food information during digestion and integrate various hormonal signals to determine when to cease eating [8][10]. Group 3: Implications for Weight Loss Therapies - The study demonstrated that activating these neurons in mice led to a significant reduction in food intake, suggesting potential pathways for developing new appetite control therapies. The activation of these neurons resulted in slower eating and reduced food consumption [10][12]. - Additionally, GLP-1 receptor agonists, the active component in popular weight loss medications, were found to activate these neurons, indicating their role in appetite regulation. Conversely, appetite-stimulating hormones decreased their activity, further supporting their function in managing food intake [12].

Core Viewpoint - Obesity has become a global public health issue, with over 890 million adults classified as obese, accounting for 13% of the total population. The rise in obesity is linked to lifestyle changes and has increased the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular issues. Traditional weight loss strategies of "eat less, move more" are often insufficient, leading to a growing interest in pharmacological interventions like the popular weight loss drug semaglutide, which suppresses appetite [7][12]. Group 1 - The World Health Organization reports that the number of obese adults has surpassed 890 million globally, representing 13% of the total population [7]. - The increase in obesity rates over the past 40 years has been significant in many countries, including China, leading to higher risks of related chronic diseases [7]. - A new study published in the journal "Cell" has identified a group of previously unknown neurons in the mouse brain that regulate satiety by releasing cholecystokinin (CCK), signaling the body to stop eating [7][8]. Group 2 - These newly discovered neurons are located in the brainstem, suggesting that similar mechanisms may exist in the human brain [8]. - Unlike traditional satiety neurons that only sense whether the gastrointestinal tract is filled, these neurons track food information throughout the digestive process and integrate various hormonal signals to determine when to stop eating [8][10]. - Researchers used optogenetics to control these neurons in mice, demonstrating that activating them led to slower eating and reduced food intake [10]. Group 3 - The study also found that GLP-1 receptor agonists, the active ingredient in popular weight loss drugs, can activate these neurons, while appetite-stimulating hormones decrease their activity [12]. - This research provides new insights into the mechanisms of satiety and could lead to the development of more effective methods for appetite control, potentially reducing the risk of obesity [12].