Core Viewpoint - Tirzepatide, a dual-target drug combining GLP-1 and GIP, shows significant efficacy in weight loss and metabolic control, outperforming single-target drugs like semaglutide [2][6][10]. Group 1: Mechanism and Efficacy - Tirzepatide enhances GLP-1 activity and has GIP activity approximately 10 times that of GLP-1, leading to complementary effects in reducing appetite and improving metabolic functions [2][4]. - GIP plays a crucial role in fat metabolism, helping to rebalance and redistribute body fat, which is a notable advantage over single-target drugs [4][6]. - Clinical trials demonstrate that tirzepatide leads to an average weight loss of 22.5% in patients after treatment, making it the first drug in phase 3 trials to achieve over 20% weight loss [10]. Group 2: Comparative Efficacy - In the SURMOUNT-3 trial, patients treated with tirzepatide lost an average of 26.6% of their body weight, setting a new record for weight loss efficacy [10]. - When comparing tirzepatide to semaglutide, tirzepatide showed superior weight loss results: 15.7% for diabetic patients versus 9.6% for semaglutide, and 22.5% for non-diabetic obese patients versus 15% for semaglutide [10][11]. Group 3: Safety and Tolerability - Both tirzepatide and semaglutide share common side effects, primarily gastrointestinal issues, but tirzepatide's dual action may lead to better tolerability [13]. - Approximately 80% of tirzepatide users report at least one side effect, with 33% experiencing nausea compared to 44% for semaglutide, indicating a potentially lower incidence of adverse effects [13].

Core Viewpoint - Tirzepatide, a dual-target drug combining GLP-1 and GIP, shows significant efficacy in weight loss and metabolic control, outperforming single-target drugs like semaglutide [2][6][8]. Summary by Sections Mechanism of Action - Tirzepatide enhances GLP-1 activity and has GIP activity approximately 10 times that of GLP-1, leading to complementary and synergistic effects in treatment [2]. - GIP helps mitigate GLP-1's side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, while also regulating both glucose and lipid metabolism, which is crucial for controlling blood sugar and lipids [4][6]. Clinical Efficacy - In the SURMOUNT-1 Phase 3 trial, patients treated with 15mg of tirzepatide experienced an average weight loss of 22.5%, marking it as the first drug in Phase 3 trials to show over 20% weight loss [10]. - In the SURMOUNT-3 trial, overweight or obese patients without diabetes lost an average of 26.6% of their body weight, setting a new record for drug-induced weight loss [10]. - Compared to semaglutide, tirzepatide demonstrated superior weight loss effects: 15.7% weight loss in diabetic patients versus 9.6% for semaglutide, and 22.5% versus 15% for non-diabetic obese patients [10][11]. Weight Loss Achievement Rates - Over 81.8% of tirzepatide patients achieved over 5% weight loss within a year, compared to 66.5% for semaglutide [11]. - For over 10% weight loss, 62.1% of tirzepatide patients succeeded, while only 37.1% of semaglutide patients did [11]. - Achieving over 15% weight loss was reported by 42.4% of tirzepatide patients, compared to 18.1% for semaglutide [11]. Safety Profile - Both tirzepatide and semaglutide share common side effects, primarily gastrointestinal issues like nausea and diarrhea [13]. - Approximately 80% of tirzepatide users reported at least one side effect, with 33% experiencing nausea compared to 44% for semaglutide [13]. - Tirzepatide's dual action may lead to fewer and milder side effects, improving patient tolerance compared to semaglutide [13].