据《人民日报》报道，2025年底召开的中央经济工作会议，提出"深化住房公积金制度改革"。在过去十 年的中央经济工作会议通稿中，公积金被单独点名，这还是头一次。随后召开的全国住房城乡建设工作 会议，公积金被提及整整7次。 确实，随着人口老龄化加剧、住房需求转型以及养老金缺口扩大，现行公积金制度的弊端日益显现。改 革呼声并非今日才有，但此次高层会议的密集表态，无疑为改革提供了最强劲的政治动力。 公积金改革的多元视角 在对公积金改革的讨论中，不少声音认为，公积金制度改革一方面要立足于本国国情，另一方面也要借 鉴国际上的先进经验。那么，在我国公积金制度改革过程中，国际上有没有哪些值得借鉴的经验？ ▲资料图：市民使用住房公积金办理自助一体机办理业务。图/新华社 住房公积金制度作为中国住房保障体系的核心支柱，已走过近30年历程。最近，公积金制度改革的话题 再度引发关注。 加拿大的倒按揭业务则以"个性化方案"为亮点，根据贷款人年龄、房产价值、收入需求定制贷款计划， 适配不同群体的差异化需求。这对我国兼顾不同城市、不同收入群体的改革具有启发。 德国作为老龄化严重的国家，将"租房养老"纳入保障体系，老年人可通过出租房屋或部分房 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China announced a reduction in personal housing provident fund loan interest rates, effective from May 8, 2025, with a decrease of 0.25 percentage points for both first and second home loans [1][7]. Group 1: Interest Rate Adjustments - The new interest rates for first home loans will be 2.1% for loans of 5 years or less and 2.6% for loans over 5 years, while second home loans will be 2.525% and 3.075% respectively [1][2]. - For loans issued before May 8, 2025, the adjusted rates will take effect from January 1, 2026 [2][8]. - Examples show that a typical family borrowing 1.2 million yuan over 30 years will save approximately 57,100.85 yuan in interest for a first home and 59,070.01 yuan for a second home after the rate adjustment [2][8]. Group 2: Policy Enhancements for Housing Support - Various regions are increasing support for housing loans, with Tianjin proposing to raise the maximum loan limits for first and second homes from 1 million yuan and 500,000 yuan to 1.2 million yuan and 1 million yuan respectively [3][10]. - Policies are becoming more refined, such as Yunnan increasing loan limits for families with multiple children by 20% to 30% for first and second homes [3][10]. - Other cities like Shanghai are also raising loan limits for qualifying new green buildings by 15% [3][10]. Group 3: Rental Support Initiatives - Cities are enhancing support for rental housing, with Shijiazhuang increasing the annual rental withdrawal limit from 15,000 yuan to 18,000 yuan per person, and further to 21,000 yuan for those meeting certain criteria [4][11]. - Some regions are optimizing the methods for withdrawing funds for rent, such as allowing monthly direct payments for rent in Chengdu [4][11]. Group 4: Expansion of Fund Usage - There is a trend towards expanding the use of housing provident funds beyond just housing, with cities like Shijiazhuang and Xuzhou allowing withdrawals for property management fees and heating costs [5][11]. - The range of eligible conditions for fund withdrawals is also being broadened, with cities like Weifang allowing family members to withdraw funds for home purchases [5][12]. Group 5: Support for Flexible Employment - Several provinces are encouraging participation in the provident fund system among flexible employment workers, with policies allowing them to withdraw funds for home purchases without restrictions based on residency or work location [12]. - Benefits for flexible employment workers include low-interest loans and tax reductions [12]. Group 6: Intercity Recognition of Funds - There is ongoing progress in the intercity recognition of housing provident funds, with cities like Shenzhen expanding withdrawal ranges nationwide and Kunming removing restrictions on intercity withdrawals [6][12].