中新网昆明9月14日电 (时文枝)云南省委宣传部官方微信"云南发布"13日发布消息称，近日，中共云南 省委、云南省人民政府印发《中老铁路沿线综合开发三年行动计划(2025—2027年)》(以下简称《行动计 划》)，明确未来3年将依托中老铁路，部署实施五大专项行动，持续拓展"黄金大通道"辐射带动效应。 中老铁路北起中国昆明，南连老挝万象。自2021年开通以来，客货运输强劲增长，为区域人文交流、经 济繁荣与发展注入强劲动力。 《行动计划》提出，通过巩固提升中老铁路开发成效，打造沿线共享发展样板，计划到2027年，中老铁 路累计货运总量达到1.1亿吨以上、力争突破1.2亿吨，累计客运总量达到1亿人次以上，"中亚班列(澜湄 快线)"累计开行列数达到5000列以上。 壮大园区实力专项行动以提升园区承载能力、加快园区协作发展、加大招商引资力度等举措，提升园区 基础设施和运营能力，创新开展跨区域产业协调和合作共建，切实提升招商引资效率和项目质量。 基础设施补短板专项行动以健全通道基础设施、推动口岸扩能增效、加快物流枢纽节点建设、补齐多式 联运短板等形式，加快周边铁公水空联运网络建设，建设智慧海关、智慧边检，培育中老泰缅等国 ...

Core Viewpoint - The national-level economic and technological development zones (referred to as "development zones") are at a critical juncture for "second entrepreneurship," focusing on institutional innovation to reshape core competitiveness and achieve high-quality economic development in China [2][3][8]. Group 1: Development Zones Overview - Since the establishment of the first 14 national-level development zones in 1984, the number has grown to over 230, covering all 31 provinces, with a total economic output continuously increasing [2][3]. - By 2024, the total number of economic and technological development zones is expected to reach 232, contributing a regional GDP of 16.9 trillion RMB, with 8.5 million high-tech enterprises, accounting for 18.3% of the national total [21]. Group 2: Institutional Innovation and Market Reforms - The recently approved "Work Plan for Deepening Reform and Innovation of National Economic and Technological Development Zones" indicates a fundamental shift in the development logic of these zones, emphasizing the need for institutional innovation to enhance competitiveness [8][10]. - Experts suggest that development zones must increase their institutional openness and foster new business models and dynamics to adapt to the growth of new productive forces [9][10]. Group 3: Differentiation and Collaboration with Free Trade Zones - There is a need for differentiated development strategies between development zones and free trade zones to avoid homogenization and promote collaborative industrial ecosystems [14][15]. - The dual-zone linkage is seen as a crucial strategy for integrating domestic and international markets, enhancing the overall effectiveness of both development zones and free trade zones [15][16]. Group 4: Challenges and Future Directions - Current challenges include insufficient market-driven operations and the need for a shift from government-led to market-driven development models [12][13]. - Experts emphasize the importance of establishing a market-oriented industrial access mechanism and optimizing policy support to foster innovation and growth in emerging industries [10][11].