现在距离毕业季还有大约半年左右的时间，而一批职业院校的学生已悄然拿到了"高级工"的技能证书。 这些证书并不是他们通过职业资格考试得来的，而是用平时课堂学习、实训竞赛所积累的学分，经学校 与人社部门认可的创新机制"置换"来的。 从工程测量到康养护理再到新能源技术，多地院校正将国家职业技能标准深度融入课程体系，让学 生"修学分"与"学技能"同步完成，实现"毕业即持证"。高校"学分置换"与"课证融通"改革是如何打通学 历、技能与就业的壁垒，进而让学校教育与企业需求实现精准对接的呢？ "攒学分"换认证 让学生在实践中培养就业技能 对此，首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院副教授张成刚指出，"学分置换"与"课证融通"打破了学历教育与 职业资格认证之间的壁垒，让教学过程直接对接行业能力需求。 首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院副教授 张成刚：把职业技能标准放到学校的课程体系中，解决了以 往"学校教的"和"企业要的"之间存在的脱节问题，实现了联通。这样技能证书就能反映出学生的学习能 力，而学生的学习能力又与企业需求密切相关，学生学习和岗位之间的对接性就增强了。反过来也可以 增加学生学习的积极性，学习之后就能获得市场的反馈，激发大家提高技 ...

Core Viewpoint - The era of land finance is officially over, and the next five years will see a shift in wealth towards technology and green innovation, with a target to increase per capita GDP from $13,000 to $20,000 by 2035 [1][3] Group 1: Economic Transition - The focus of economic growth has shifted from investment and real estate to high-quality development, emphasizing self-controlled industrial chains, particularly in chips and artificial intelligence [3][5] - Significant investments are expected in high-end manufacturing, aerospace, and comprehensive transportation networks, indicating a strong capital flow into these sectors [5] Group 2: Emerging Opportunities - The AI sector is moving from concept to practical integration across various industries, while quantum technology is being pushed from laboratories to applications [5] - The domestic market is identified as a new growth area, with sectors like specialty dining, healthcare, and cultural entertainment poised for rapid development, especially in central and rural regions [5][6] Group 3: Policy Support and Market Trends - The "Three Guarantees" policy aims to support employment, consumption, and livelihood, benefiting businesses related to basic living needs, such as community services and affordable consumption [6] - The silver economy is projected to reach ¥30 trillion by 2035, creating a vast industry around elderly care and related services [8] Group 4: Infrastructure and Digital Trade - Urban development will shift from expansion to internal renewal, with over 700,000 kilometers of underground pipeline renovations expected, generating nearly ¥5 trillion in new investment demand [6] - The digital trade sector is expanding, with a current scale exceeding ¥3 trillion and 165 cross-border e-commerce pilot zones, allowing even small companies to engage in global trade [6] Group 5: Regional Development and Financial Market - Key regional developments are focused on the Yangtze River Delta and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, with specific attention to integrated circuits and biomedicine [10] - Financial market reforms are optimizing channels for long-term funds, enhancing market stability and potentially increasing foreign investment in A-shares [10]