Core Insights - The article discusses the significance of tree species diversity in enhancing forest photosynthesis, which is crucial for carbon absorption in terrestrial ecosystems [2][3]. Group 1: Importance of Tree Species Diversity - Tree species diversity is identified as a key factor influencing global forest photosynthesis, second only to temperature [3]. - The study reveals that forests with richer species diversity exhibit stronger photosynthetic capabilities [3]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Enhanced Photosynthesis - Biodiversity enhances photosynthesis through two main pathways: increasing canopy complexity and improving nutrient absorption from the soil [3]. - A diverse forest canopy allows for better light utilization by different plant species growing at various heights and times [3]. - Enhanced nutrient absorption leads to improved leaf nitrogen content, which in turn boosts photosynthetic efficiency [3]. Group 3: Ecological Restoration Strategies - The article suggests that mimicking natural ecosystems by planting mixed forests can significantly improve biodiversity and carbon sequestration in southern China [4]. - In colder regions, targeted cultivation of cold-resistant tree species is recommended to enhance survival rates and biodiversity [4].

高黎贡山 / 独龙江站综合气象观测场。中新网记者 孙自法 摄 高黎贡山 / 独龙江站一处野外集水区测流堰，中国科学院昆明植物所副所长牛洋研究员（右）与该站副 站长孙军在现场交流讨论。中新网记者 孙自法 摄 高黎贡山 / 独龙江站工作人员在深山的原始丛林中一处样地里进行相关采样工作。中新网记者 孙自法 摄 这里仅占中国陆地面积0.36%，却分布有中国约17%的高等植物和26%的脊椎动物；这里是全球少 有的集热带、亚热带、温带和寒带于一体的跨境森林生态系统；这里拥有当今世界分布面积最大、保存 最完整的中山湿性常绿阔叶林；这里地势海拔落差逾4000米…… 这里就是中国高黎贡山国家级自然保护区，也是地处中国西南山地、印度-缅甸、喜马拉雅三个全 球生物多样性热点地区的交汇区，生物多样性高度富集，在世界生物圈保护区中地位举足轻重，极具科 研价值。 为更好推进高黎贡山地区和怒江、独龙江流域生态保护与发展，高效开展相关科学研究，依托于中 国科学院昆明植物研究所（昆明植物所）的高黎贡山/独龙江森林生态系统野外科学观测研究站（高黎 贡山/独龙江站），自2022年启动建设以来，通过边建设、边运行方式，已取得一系列重要进展和成 果。 ...