2026年开年，《清华大学藏战国竹简（拾伍）》系列成果发布，收录《胥马》《凡马之疾》《驯马》 《驭术》《驭马之道》五篇竹书，内容均与马有关——是我国目前发现的最早专门论述相马、疗马、驯 马、驭马的资料，对研究先秦科技史与文化史等具有重要意义。北京日报记者近日采访了清华大学出土 文献研究与保护中心的研究人员，揭秘2000多年前的马类"百科"。 这是清华简中的"马"字。 成书年代比马王堆帛书 贾连翔透露，《胥马》这篇竹书在入藏时残损比较严重，而且采用了两种不同的分篇抄写格式，这些都 是科研人员在整理时需要克服的挑战。 还早数百年 马是六畜之首，中国古代养马历史悠久。清华出土文献研究与保护中心教授贾连翔介绍，根据现代考古 学、生物学等研究，我国早在4000年至3500年前就开始驯养家马了，"先民在养马过程中不断总结经 验，形成了专门的知识和丰富的养马著作，统称为'马经'。" 早在先秦时期，马经类文献已形成规模。贾连翔举例，《汉书·艺文志》有"《相六畜》三十八卷"，涉 及到相马内容，可惜这些书籍亡佚已久。20世纪50年代，畜牧学家谢成侠曾梳理过传世的马经类文献， 年代最早的是北魏末年贾思勰《齐民要术》卷六"养牛马驴骡 ...

转自：贵州日报 清华简最新成果日前发布，内容与"马"有关。此次披露的马政文献均前所未见，对研究先秦科技史与文 化史具有重要意义。 本次亮相的《清华大学藏战国竹简（拾伍）》包含《胥马》《凡马之疾》《驯马》《驭术》《驭马之 道》5篇竹书，是我国关于相马、疗马、驯马、驭马等领域最早的文献。 《胥马》类似伯乐"教科书"。40支简聚焦相马之术，详细描述了12类马匹的形貌特征，阐明鉴别标准， 对研究古代相马术、畜牧史及动物考古等具有重要价值。 《驯马》是驯马师的培训手册，记录了训练与饲养马的方法，强调科学养马。比如，简文记载了每次驯 马往返十里，安排步、趣、驰、娄、骋等不同训练内容。每个往返结束后，按照训练强度确定饲料和饮 水量。 （《清华简里藏着一部马类"小百科"》由贵阳日报为您提供，转载请注明来源，未经书面授权许可，不 得转载或镜像。） 《驭术》《驭马之道》分别收录了38支简和12支简。前者全面介绍如何根据马的肢体动作驾驭马匹，填 补了中国古代驭马技艺文献的空白；后者主张"徐图缓进、恩威并施"。 《凡马之疾》共24支简，其中第13支缺失，实存23支，系统记录了马匹各类疾病及其症候，是迄今发现 最早的专门论述疗马的文献 ...

Core Insights - The Tsinghua Bamboo Slips, discovered in 2008, contain over 70 texts, many of which have been lost for over 2000 years, providing significant academic value [4][5] - The research team has published 14 volumes of reports, with the latest volume focusing on ancient Chinese horse management, which predates known historical records [7][8] - The Tsinghua Bamboo Slips reveal rich insights into early Chinese civilization, covering various subjects such as philosophy, history, astronomy, law, and medicine [5][6] Group 1: Academic Contributions - The Tsinghua Bamboo Slips include the earliest known Chinese mathematical document, the "Multiplication Table," recognized as the world's first decimal calculator [5][6] - Newly discovered texts like "Liangzhong" provide evidence supporting the historical existence of the Xia Dynasty, addressing scholarly debates about its legitimacy [6][7] - The slips also contain significant musical documents, enriching the understanding of ancient Chinese music history [6] Group 2: Research Challenges - The research team faces difficulties in categorizing and reconstructing fragmented bamboo slips, which often lack clear titles or sequences [9][10] - Deciphering the ancient script poses challenges, as some characters are no longer in use, requiring extensive cross-referencing with existing literature [9][10] - The collaborative nature of the research involves experts from various disciplines, leading to diverse interpretations and the need for consensus on findings [10] Group 3: Public Engagement and Education - The Tsinghua University team emphasizes the importance of making their findings accessible to the public, particularly younger audiences [12][14] - Initiatives include television programs, popular science books, and public courses to promote understanding of the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips [12][14] - The research has sparked interest among students, with many pursuing studies in ancient texts and related fields [13][14]