Core Argument - The article discusses the significance of the concept of "xiang" (象) in ancient Chinese thought, emphasizing its role in the creation and development of various forms of symbolic culture in China [1] Group 1: Concept of "Xiang" - "Xiang" is an important philosophical concept in ancient China, as outlined in the "I Ching" (周易), where it serves as a precursor to the creation of objects [1] - The description of "xiang" by Han Feizi provides insights into the mechanisms of imagination and offers a framework for analyzing abstraction and symbolism [1] Group 2: Abstraction and Symbolism - Abstraction is characterized as a dynamic process rather than a static representation, leading to the creation of symbols [1] - Various forms of symbolic culture have been developed in ancient China, including patterns (rock paintings), artifacts, visual arts, language (including calligraphy), music, and numerical symbols [1] Group 3: Cultural Significance - The most significant cultural creation in China is considered to be Chinese characters and their calligraphic art, which exemplify the spiritual aspect of "xiang" [1] - The analysis of different cultural phenomena's abstract structures provides an alternative perspective for revealing Chinese philosophy [1]

在中国诸多艺术门类中，书法可谓至"简"亦至"难" 参天古木需扎根厚土，书法创新离不开对传统的深情回望 书法的传承与创新，是一场从传统走向未来的温暖奔赴。需要我们既做忠诚的守护者，也做大胆的创造 者，让这笔尖上的艺术，在世界文化的星空下，闪耀出亲切而动人的东方光芒。 （作者为中国书法家协会副主席、西安美术学院书法系教授） 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年09月17日 14 版） 在中国诸多艺术门类中，书法可谓至"简"亦至"难"。说"简"，因为它就是"徒手"书写汉字——中国人自 人生第一次执笔起，便已开启这种实践，如同吃饭说话一般自然。说"难"，则在于它与生俱来的"哲 学"品格，在于几千年来积淀其中无比丰厚的文化承载，更在于它与"汉字""汉语"紧密相连，传达和诠 释着中华民族的文明步履、精神信仰、价值认同与风骨气度，承载并讲述着民族心灵的成长轨迹与精神 图谱。 从甲骨文中可清晰看出先民认识自然的最初心理与方法路径。那些呼之欲出、形象生动的"初文"，承载 着中华民族的智慧密码。在书法中，辩证法与"和合"思想完美交融，通过书法，可助人体道、辩道、明 道——这正是书法的启智功能。 书法艺术进入"自觉"时期后，出现了"晋尚 ...