Group 1 - The core investment philosophy of Graham focused on finding extremely undervalued companies with easily liquidated assets [2][4] - Post-World War II, the investment landscape shifted towards low valuation investments, with overall market valuations increasing due to the baby boom and the "Nifty Fifty" bull market [4][5] - The concept of "cigar butt" investing, which involved picking up undervalued opportunities, became less prevalent as the market evolved [5] Group 2 - Graham's disciple Schloss specialized in low price-to-book ratio investments, which later influenced the development of value indices in index funds [6][7] - Buffett, influenced by Charlie Munger, began to accept the idea of buying excellent companies at reasonable prices, diverging from Graham's strict undervaluation approach [8][9] - Munger's perspective emphasized that purchasing high-quality companies at reasonable prices can still be a sound investment, as the value created by these companies will exceed the initial price paid [9]

文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） トリア J- 当时的格雷厄姆，寻找的也是一些极端低 估的公司。 这些公司，账面上都有着容易变现的流动 资产。 买下公司的股票，成为大股东。 召开股东大会，变卖资产变现或者用流动 资产回购，就可以获得回报。 (2) 二战后: 低估值投资。 格雷厄姆的低估值投资，主要擅长低市净 率投资。 这种投资理念，后来演变成了指数基金中 的"价值指数"。 例如现在看到的300价值、价值100等策略 指数，其实就是来自于此。 (3) 用合理价格，买入优秀公司。 巴菲特受到查理·芒格的影响,开始接受 用合理价格，买入优秀公司。 跟格雷厄姆不同的是，查理·芒格认为， 优秀的企业，可以放宽买入的价格。 用合理价格买入优秀公司，也是划算的。 随着婴儿潮和"漂亮50"牛市，美股整体 估值逐渐提升。 捡烟蒂的投资机会,逐渐减少。 格雷厄姆的价值投资理念，逐渐变成了投 资一篮子「低市盈率、低市净率」的股 票。 格雷厄姆的另一个徒弟，施洛斯，继承了 最终优秀的公司创造的价值，会远超开始 时付出的价格。 不过要注意的是，合理的价格买入优秀的 公司，不代表不看估值。 ▼点击阅读原 文，免费学习大额家庭资产配 ...