Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is a milestone for China's technological innovation, with significant achievements in the restructuring of the technology management system and the establishment of a new national system for technological advancement [2] Group 1: Technological Infrastructure Development - Significant progress has been made in the construction of major scientific and technological infrastructure, with a focus on national needs and global technological frontiers [4] - The "China Sky Eye" has discovered over 1,000 pulsars, surpassing the total number discovered by other countries, contributing to the exploration of the universe [4] - The construction of facilities like nuclear fusion and light sources has bolstered the development of the superconducting industry [4] Group 2: National Scientific Data Centers - The total data volume of 20 national scientific data centers has exceeded 270PB, a fivefold increase compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [5] - The National Microbial Science Data Center has led the development of the first international standard for microbial data, enhancing international influence [5] Group 3: Biological Resources and Material Libraries - The existing 31 national biological resource libraries have steadily increased their resource holdings, preserving over 5.5 million plant and animal genetic resources and more than 600,000 microbial strains [5] - The total collection of microbial resources, crop genetic resources, and livestock genetic resources ranks among the top in the world [5] Group 4: Field Observation Stations - A total of 167 national field observation stations have been established, providing long-term scientific observation data to support ecological civilization construction and major engineering safety [6] - The Ningxia Shapotou Desert Ecosystem National Field Station has accumulated 70 years of observation data, aiding in desertification control efforts [6] - The open sharing of research instruments has been promoted, with 147,000 high-value instruments now managed on a national network platform [6]