Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is a milestone for China's technological innovation development, with significant achievements in technology management, infrastructure, and strategic planning [1]. Group 1: Technological Infrastructure Development - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," China has made substantial progress in building major scientific and technological infrastructure, resulting in significant original achievements, such as the discovery of over a thousand pulsars by the "China Sky Eye" [3]. - The construction of major scientific infrastructure has led to advancements in key core technologies, such as the solution to non-destructive testing challenges through the neutron source [3]. - Facilities like nuclear fusion and light sources have supported the growth of the superconducting industry [3]. Group 2: Data and Resource Management - The National Scientific Data Center has enhanced data support for innovation, with a total data volume exceeding 270PB, a fivefold increase from the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [4]. - The National Biological Germplasm and Experimental Materials Resource Bank has preserved over 5.5 million plant and animal germplasm resources and more than 600,000 microbial strains, ranking among the top globally [4]. Group 3: Long-term Observation and Research - China has established 167 national field scientific observation stations, providing long-term data to support ecological civilization, major engineering safety, and sustainable regional development [5]. - The Ningxia Shapotou Desert Ecosystem National Field Station has accumulated 70 years of observation data, aiding in desertification control efforts [5]. Group 4: Open Research Instruments and Scientific Expeditions - The government has facilitated the open sharing of 147,000 research instruments valued over 500,000 yuan, promoting accessibility for the broader society [6]. - The implementation of the second Qinghai-Tibet scientific expedition and the third Xinjiang scientific expedition supports ecological and resource protection initiatives [6].

二是国家科学数据中心为创新发展提供有力的数据支撑。"十四五"期间，重点加强科学数据统筹和服务能力建设，促进科学数据整合集成与开放共享。20个 国家科学数据中心数据总量已超过了270PB，比"十三五"末期增长了5倍。国家科学数据中心的国际影响力也显著提升，例如，国家微生物科学数据中心牵 头研制了第一个微生物数据的国际标准。 三是国家生物种质与实验材料资源库保藏和共享了一大批宝贵的战略资源。"十四五"期间，重点加强了资源库基础条件建设，提升资源保藏与开发应用能 力。现有的31个国家库资源保有量稳步提升，已保存动植物种质资源550多万份，微生物菌（毒）种超过60万株，各类标本资源3900万号，其中微生物资 源、作物种质资源、畜禽种质资源的保藏总量位居世界前列。 新闻发布会现场 摄影：李 发布会上，21世纪经济报道记者提问：近年来，"中国天眼"等一批重大科技基础设施建成并陆续产出成果，非常振奋人心。科技基础设施与条件平台对科技 创新具有重要的支撑作用，"十四五"期间在这方面有哪些进展和成效？ 科技部副部长龙腾回应表示，"十四五"期间，我国持续推动科技基础设施和条件平台建设，系统部署了国家科学数据中心、国家生物种质与实 ...