"我们这边的苹果普遍在3月中下旬开花，到10月份收获采摘，中间要经历6到7个月的时间。在此过 程中，各种自然灾害和异常天气都可能影响苹果最终的产量和品质。造成风险概率最大的是冰雹，会影 响任一生长关键点；花期遭遇霜冻可能干扰疏花定果；如果膨大期遇上旱情，苹果品质也会受到较大影 响。"在采访某地苹果产业发展情况时，当地农业农村部门的负责人告诉《金融时报》记者。在之后的 实地调研中记者发现，不同苹果种植主体应对自然灾害可能造成风险损失的理念和举措有所不同。在地 方财政的补贴支持下，遭遇灾害相对频繁、通过农险赔付重获生产经营能力的农业主体，多数已培养起 投保政策性种植险的意识；前期投入较大的规模化种植主体更倾向于在信贷资金支持下搭建防雹网，以 物理方式降低冰雹灾害影响；当地中小银行机构也会在灾害发生后阶段性推出增信和续贷服务，支持更 多农户有序恢复生产生活。 在近几年的采访中，记者发现，基于建设农业强国目标以及极端天气事件频发、全球气候变暖的客 观实际，不同地区金融部门在助力农业减灾防灾方面都进行了有针对性地探索。事实上，防灾减灾本就 是一项长期且系统的工程，落到农业领域和金融支持层面又尤为复杂。具体而言，由于经营 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the impact of natural disasters on apple production and the varying responses of different agricultural entities to mitigate risks associated with these disasters [1][2] - It highlights the role of financial institutions in supporting agricultural disaster prevention and recovery efforts, emphasizing the need for tailored financial services [2][5] - The growth of agricultural insurance in China is noted, with a significant increase in premium scale and coverage, indicating a more robust risk management framework [3][4] Group 1: Agricultural Production and Risks - Apple production in certain regions typically flowers in mid-March and is harvested by October, facing risks from natural disasters such as hail and frost [1] - Different agricultural entities have varying strategies for risk management, influenced by their financial capabilities and experiences with past disasters [2] Group 2: Financial Support and Agricultural Insurance - In 2024, China's agricultural insurance premium scale reached 150 billion yuan, covering 147 million households and providing risk protection exceeding 5 trillion yuan [3] - The introduction of innovative insurance products, such as cost insurance and income insurance, has contributed to a diversified agricultural insurance system [3][4] Group 3: Policy and Regulatory Framework - In 2015, regulatory bodies established unified guidelines for agricultural insurance to mitigate adverse selection and enhance the governance of natural disaster risks [4] - The development of agricultural catastrophe insurance has gained traction, with pilot programs in eight provinces, indicating a growing recognition of its importance [4][9] Group 4: Financial Mechanisms and Innovations - Banks have developed rapid response mechanisms for disaster recovery, simplifying loan processes to support agricultural entities post-disaster [5] - The emergence of weather derivatives as a financial product aims to assist in risk management for agriculture, utilizing authoritative meteorological data [6] Group 5: Integration of Resources and Data Sharing - The need for better integration of agricultural disaster resources and financial services is emphasized, with a focus on overcoming information silos among various sectors [10] - Encouraging data sharing among banks and insurance companies can enhance the efficiency of financial services provided to agricultural entities [10]