来源：环球网 金秋时节，河南省灵宝市尹庄镇的万亩玉米田里，收割机轰鸣作响，村民们正抢抓晴好天气采收，田间 地头一派繁忙景象。官庄村种粮大户魏英杰站在田埂上看着机械化收割机在玉米地里往来穿梭，脸上洋 溢着喜悦。 今年春季，魏英杰扩大了玉米种植规模，500亩耕地全部种上了玉米。随着作物进入生长关键期，灌 溉、施肥等农事活动集中开展，资金周转压力骤增。了解到魏英杰的困境后，官庄村金融副村长立即启 动精准服务机制，将情况反馈给建行金融服务团队。考虑到农业生产"误不得农时"的特点，团队迅速响 应，主动上门服务，把金融服务"搬"到了田间地头。 现场，服务团队收集了基础材料，专人全程协助填写表格、提交申请，为魏英杰省去了来回奔波的麻 烦。同时，团队为这笔贷款开通了"绿色通道"，仅用3个工作日就完成了48万元贷款的审批发放，及时 解决了他的燃眉之急。如今，站在丰收的玉米田里，他算了一笔账：预计今年亩产可提升10%，增收近 6万元。 据介绍，这样的高效金融服务得益于建设银行河南省分行在灵宝市推行的"金融副村长"试点工作机制。 该机制通过"政府主导、银行支撑、基层联动"的多级协作服务体系，以"建机制－搭平台－强队伍－优 服务"为 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the evolution and reform of rural financial institutions in China, particularly focusing on the rural credit cooperatives and their transformation over the decades [1][16]. Group 1: Historical Development - As of the end of 2024, there are 4,295 financial institutions in China's banking sector, with rural commercial banks making up 1,563, rural cooperative banks 23, and rural credit cooperatives 458, collectively accounting for 47.59% of the total [1]. - The number of rural credit cooperatives has decreased from over 100,000 at the founding of New China to just over 4,000 today, reflecting significant structural changes in the financial landscape [1]. - The history of rural credit cooperatives in China dates back to 1923, with significant developments occurring from the 1950s onward, including the establishment of the first credit cooperatives and the formalization of their structure [1][2]. Group 2: Reform Phases - The period from 2000 to 2018 saw a coordinated reform of the ownership structure, organizational form, and management system of rural credit cooperatives, initiated with pilot programs in Jiangsu [8][12]. - By 2018, the number of rural commercial banks had risen to 1,427, representing 63% of rural financial institutions, while the number of rural cooperative banks and credit cooperatives had decreased to 30 and 812, respectively [12]. - The reforms aimed to clarify ownership relationships and improve governance structures, with a focus on maintaining the cooperative nature of these financial institutions [9][10]. Group 3: Current Challenges and Focus - Since 2018, the focus has shifted to the reform of provincial-level rural credit cooperatives, with discussions around governance structures and the relationship between provincial and local institutions [16][17]. - The recent reforms have highlighted issues such as shareholder qualifications and compliance, with regulatory bodies conducting investigations into ownership structures and governance practices [16][17]. - The ongoing reforms are characterized by a "one province, one policy" approach, with various provinces exploring adjustments to ownership structures and capital supplementation for rural financial institutions [17].