Core Viewpoint - The expiration of the core compound patent for semaglutide in March 2026 will lead to significant changes in the global pharmaceutical market, particularly in the weight loss drug sector, as generic manufacturers prepare to enter the market [4][5]. Patent Expiration and Legal Battles - The core compound patent for semaglutide, originally set to expire in March 2026, faced challenges from East China Pharmaceutical, which initiated a patent invalidation in 2021. Despite a series of legal battles, the patent was upheld until the end of 2025, but its expiration will allow generic drug companies to enter the market [5]. - Although the compound patent will expire, Novo Nordisk's indication patent remains valid until 2037, which may lead to further patent disputes if generic companies seek to market weight loss indications [7]. Domestic Competition - At least 10 domestic companies, including Jiuzhou Gene, Lijun Group, East China Pharmaceutical, and Qilu Pharmaceutical, have submitted applications for semaglutide, with over 10 additional products in clinical phase III trials. The primary focus remains on type 2 diabetes, but weight loss indications are also being pursued rapidly [8]. Price Competition - The entry of multiple domestic semaglutide products is expected to lead to a significant drop in market prices, potentially entering a "bargain" era for weight loss drugs. Novo Nordisk has already reduced the price of its semaglutide injection by nearly 50% in anticipation of this competition [9]. Strategic Shifts - Novo Nordisk is shifting its strategic focus from patent battles to innovation, having received FDA approval for an oral version of semaglutide, Wegovy, which is expected to enhance patient compliance. The product is set to launch in the U.S. in January 2026 [10]. Market Impact - The expiration of the semaglutide patent is expected to benefit patients significantly, as the availability of generic options will lower treatment costs, making it more accessible to a broader patient population. The competition in the GLP-1 market will transition from patent disputes to factors like production capacity, cost control, distribution channels, and brand marketing [11].