Core Viewpoint - The archaeological exhibition "Chang'an 2300 Miles - Archaeological Achievements of the Xiong'an Ancient State Ruins" showcases significant findings from the ancient city of Guzhou, revealing its historical importance and cultural heritage [6][12]. Summary by Relevant Sections Archaeological Findings - The Guzhou ruins, also known as the ancient city of Mo, were systematically excavated over eight years, covering an area of approximately 300,000 square meters, with 2,600 square meters excavated [6][8]. - Key discoveries include a dual city wall structure from the Han and Tang dynasties, a Tang dynasty dragon head, and various artifacts such as pottery and architectural components [9][10][12]. Historical Context - The Guzhou site served as the administrative center during the Han and Tang dynasties, witnessing significant historical events and cultural developments [7][13]. - The site was rediscovered in 1976 and underwent extensive archaeological investigations starting in 2017, coinciding with the establishment of the Xiong'an New Area [8][9]. Cultural Significance - The exhibition highlights the connection between Guzhou and Chang'an, emphasizing the cultural exchange and architectural similarities between the two cities during the Tang dynasty [13][14]. - Artifacts such as the dragon heads and pottery reflect the artistic and cultural richness of the period, showcasing the integration of local and imperial influences [10][12]. Technological Advancements in Archaeology - Advanced techniques were employed in the restoration of artifacts, including 3D imaging and ultrasonic cleaning, ensuring the preservation of historical integrity [11][12]. - The findings from the Guzhou site contribute to a broader understanding of urban development and cultural continuity in ancient China [14].

Core Insights - The article discusses significant advancements in scientific archaeology and cultural heritage preservation, highlighting the collaboration between various institutions in China to restore ancient artifacts and improve archaeological methodologies [5][17]. Group 1: Restoration of Artifacts - A crown from the Tubo period, discovered in Qinghai Province, was found in a severely deteriorated state, with a metal body thickness of only 200 micrometers, equivalent to three sheets of A4 paper [8][9]. - The restoration team utilized non-destructive techniques such as X-ray imaging and CT scans to analyze and accurately reposition 2,582 decorative beads on the crown, marking it as the most complex ancient ceremonial bead arrangement restored to date [9]. - The restoration involved over 10,000 precision welds, successfully reviving the crown's intricate design and showcasing the cultural exchange characteristics of the "Highland Silk Road" [9]. Group 2: Archaeological Discoveries - Two Tang Dynasty ceramic dragon heads were unearthed from the Hebei Xiong'an ancient city site, with their restoration presenting a significant challenge due to their fragmented state upon discovery [10][11]. - The restoration process included advanced techniques such as 3D imaging, ultrasonic cleaning, and virtual assembly, ultimately restoring the dragon heads to their original architectural form [11][12]. - The findings contribute to the understanding of dragon imagery in ancient Chinese culture and provide new materials for studying the evolution of dragon motifs [12]. Group 3: Collaborative Archaeological Efforts - The article highlights the establishment of a mobile protection laboratory for archaeological work in Uzbekistan, demonstrating a collaborative approach to archaeological preservation [13][14]. - The team successfully identified and preserved various artifacts, including a coin with clear inscriptions, which serves as evidence of ancient East-West cultural exchanges [14]. - The preservation of textiles and other materials from the site provides valuable insights into the development of textile technology along the Silk Road [14]. Group 4: Early Glass Bead Research - Research on early glass beads in China indicates that they originated from the Levant region and were likely transmitted through Xinjiang into Central China, supporting the existence of pre-Silk Road cultural exchanges [15][16]. - The study utilized compositional analysis and micro-CT technology to trace the source and transmission routes of these glass beads, reinforcing the narrative of early Eurasian civilization interactions [16].

Group 1 - The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences released seven significant archaeological findings that challenge existing perceptions of Chinese civilization and its interactions with other cultures [1] - Key discoveries include evidence of early interactions among different ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia during the Eastern Zhou period, which supports the formation of a "multicultural" framework in Chinese civilization [1] - The research also highlights the origins and spread of early soda-lime glass in China, reconstructing the transmission model of Mediterranean glass technology [1] Group 2 - The study of indigenous grape varieties in China reveals a long history of utilization, with evidence of local grape species dating back to around 10,000 years ago [2][3] - Research indicates that indigenous grapes were not completely replaced by Eurasian varieties after their introduction, as both types coexisted during various historical periods [3] - The findings suggest that the cultivation of indigenous grapes likely began during the late Neolithic to early Bronze Age, correlating with advancements in agriculture and social stratification [3] Group 3 - The excavation of rare Tang dynasty ceramic dragon heads in Hebei province provides new insights into architectural elements of that era, with very few such artifacts remaining [4][5] - The restoration process of the dragon heads utilized advanced technology, revealing intricate details about their construction and artistic techniques [5] - The discoveries contribute to the understanding of dragon culture in China and serve as important evidence of the historical significance of the Xiong'an New Area [5]