在这个阶段，我的角色更接近法医。合作者送来疑似烈士的遗骸样本，以及疑似亲属的生物样本，我会 为比对成功而高兴，也会为比对失败而遗憾。 2023年1月，这项工作迎来转折点。应山西省吕梁市退役军人事务局邀请，我们对方山县南山革命烈士 展开系统发掘和分子考古鉴定。这不再仅仅是单点寻亲，而是一次关于烈士墓地的综合研究。课题目标 骤然延展：其一，通过DNA鉴定和颅面复原，获取烈士身份和形象，让无名烈士不再无名；其二，通 过体质鉴定和同位素分析，复原吕梁烈士革命场景，解码这片土地上曾发生的历史——在何等艰难的环 境下，我们党铸就胜利的史诗！ 在这处曾是战地医院的土地上，我们成功帮助寻亲家属崔玉岐老人找到了其三叔崔海治烈士的遗骨。经 鉴定，这片烈士墓地安葬的49名无名烈士平均预期寿命仅20.5岁，最小的不到14岁。在挖掘和鉴定工作 中，我们常边抹眼泪边工作，一幕幕令人震撼的英雄图景在我们眼前展开：多具战士遗骨正面的不同部 位有数处子弹弹孔，凝固着他们在枪林弹雨中正面冲锋的无畏姿态；一位年仅17岁的烈士，其遗骸的病 理现象——眶上筛变，揭示了他曾长期营养不良和贫血；更有多具年轻烈士的骸骨上，显现出退行性关 节疾病等中老年病症 ...

汉代欧亚种葡萄传入 本土葡萄属与之并存并用 一般认为，汉代张骞出使西域后，葡萄东传进入我国，这里所说的葡萄属于欧亚种。不过，欧亚种葡萄传入之前，古代文献反映出先秦时 期古代先民已开始对本土野生的葡萄属植物资源进行利用。到了宋金时期，在辽上京遗址一处普通居民区的垃圾坑里，考古专家发现了未炭化 的本土葡萄属种子。 钟华：当西方（欧亚种）葡萄传进来之后，其实并没有一蹴而就地把我们本土这些葡萄属的资源完全取代，它们有一个长期共存、长期同 时被利用的历史。 科技考古印证二里头遗址铜矿来自晋南 央视网消息：中国社会科学院日前在北京发布多项科技考古与文化遗产保护重大成果。其中一项聚焦我国几十处遗址出土的葡萄属种子， 发现从一万年前至宋金时期，古代先民持续利用本土葡萄属资源。尤其以河南二里头遗址为典型代表，还存在栽培本土葡萄属植物的可能。 青铜时代早期先民或已栽培本土葡萄属植物 这4个分别是内蒙古赤峰辽上京遗址、河南洛阳二里头遗址、安徽蚌埠禹会遗址、北京东胡林遗址出土的葡萄属种子，分别距今约800年、 3000多年、6000多年、1万年。 考古专家介绍，从外形等方面观察，现代葡萄籽明显偏细偏长，有着更高的载果量。包括上述4个 ...

中国本土不仅有葡萄，而且有着悠久的利用史 提起葡萄，人们一般认为这是从西方传入中国的一种水果。目前我们所食用或酿酒用的葡萄，也的确是 外来的欧亚种葡萄。 其实，中国本土不仅有葡萄，而且有着悠久的利用史。葡萄属植物有60余种，我国存在约38种，是世界 三处野生葡萄集中分布的中心之一。古人如何利用本土葡萄，是否对其进行过人工栽培？它们在外形、 口感上与欧亚种葡萄有什么区别，是否在欧亚种葡萄传入后就被完全取代？植物考古实验室负责人钟华 带领团队尝试对这些问题进行解答。 作为本土主要的核果类植物，葡萄属遗存在我国不同区域的考古遗址中均有发现，出现时间从距今万年 左右的农业起源时期，一直延续至汉代以后的各历史时期。我国出现欧亚种葡萄最早的证据，是发现于 新疆吐鲁番洋海墓地的葡萄藤，距今2000多年。古代文献记载也表明，欧亚种葡萄在西汉时期已经被带 入内地。 5月27日，中国社会科学院科技考古与文化遗产保护重点实验室发布了7项重大成果，其中，有不少"改 变认知"的新发现—— 东周时期内蒙古中南部地区的人群互动，为中华文明"多元一体"格局的形成机制以及各民族长期交往交 流交融提供实证； 中国早期泡碱玻璃的源头与传播，以科技 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the discovery of the Mabuco site in Tibet, which is the only Neolithic lakeside site among the "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries of 2024" in China, providing insights into how ancient humans adapted to the high-altitude environment of the Tibetan Plateau [1][2] Group 1: Archaeological Significance - The Mabuco site is located in the highest and oldest area of the Tibetan Plateau, dating back 4,000 years, with an area of approximately 224,000 square meters [2] - The site has yielded numerous animal bones, prompting research into whether the ancient inhabitants engaged in agriculture, pastoralism, or hunting [2][4] Group 2: Technological Advances in Archaeology - The use of ancient DNA extraction and high-throughput sequencing allows researchers to determine whether the animal bones are from domesticated or wild species, indicating early pastoral activities among the Mabuco people [4] - Technological archaeology enables a deeper understanding of the relationships between humans, animals, and the environment, revealing details of the Mabuco inhabitants' daily lives [5] Group 3: Dietary Insights - Research indicates that the early Mabuco inhabitants practiced both pastoralism and fishing, with fish being the primary food source, as evidenced by stable isotope analysis of human and fish remains [8][10] - The analysis shows that human nitrogen isotopes are higher than those of fish, confirming fish as a major dietary component [8] Group 4: Environmental Context - The ancient Galaru Lake, which was significantly larger than today, provided a stable ecosystem that supported year-round habitation for the Mabuco people [10][13] - The discovery of seasonal growth patterns in fish bones suggests that the ancient inhabitants were active throughout the year, with two-thirds of fish found to have died in summer and one-third in winter [11][13]

Core Insights - The integration of modern science and technology is significantly transforming Chinese archaeology, enhancing research precision and revealing unprecedented details [1][2][4] Group 1: Technological Advancements in Archaeology - The application of new materials and methods, such as the analysis of obsidian from the Jilin and Longdong cave sites, has uncovered both local and foreign sources, highlighting the circulation network of obsidian in East Asia [1] - The use of strontium isotope analysis in five of the shortlisted projects indicates a growing emphasis on studying material culture exchange networks and ancient migration behaviors [2] - Ground-penetrating radar and geomagnetic exploration techniques have led to the discovery of large stone structures at the Huangpi Panlong City site, marking the first identification of similar stone architecture in the late phase of the Yangtze River basin's Xia and Shang sites [2] Group 2: Preservation and Management of Cultural Relics - The collaboration between archaeological teams and conservation experts has strengthened the protection of artifacts, exemplified by the use of menthol reinforcement technology at the Huainan Wuwangdun No. 1 tomb [3] - A digital management platform for archaeological sites has been established, allowing for precise scanning and comprehensive recording of archaeological information, which supports future display, retrieval, and management [3] - The excavation of 882 wooden coffins, weighing nearly 200 tons, has been documented through promotional videos that illustrate the construction process, providing insights into the social hierarchy and rituals associated with the Wuwangdun No. 1 tomb [3]