Core Viewpoint - The research team from the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission has discovered a variety of unique fish species in the source of the Yangtze River, highlighting the ecological significance and potential economic value of these species in extreme high-altitude environments [1][2][4]. Group 1: Fish Species and Their Significance - The primary fish species identified in the Yangtze River source include six types, with two being from the carp family and four from the loach family, showcasing the biodiversity in this extreme habitat [2][4]. - The small-headed naked carp, found at altitudes between 4,400 meters and 5,200 meters, is noted as the highest distributed cyprinid fish globally and serves as an indicator of the health of the Yangtze River ecosystem, possessing high scientific, ecological, and potential economic value [2][4]. Group 2: Research and Conservation Efforts - The research team has focused on identifying critical habitats for fish, particularly spawning grounds, which are essential for the conservation of these unique species. The precise location of spawning grounds was only discovered in 2021, marking a significant breakthrough in conservation efforts [2][4]. - The study of spawning grounds has revealed that the small-headed naked carp buries its eggs in riverbed gravel to protect them from harsh UV radiation, indicating a unique adaptation to the extreme environment [4]. - The findings from this research not only support the protection of fish habitats but also provide insights into the impacts of climate change on the water ecosystem of the Yangtze River source [4].