全省长江流域水生生物完整性指数较禁渔前提升两个等级 5年成效 ●四川长江十年禁渔禁捕范围涉及21个市（州）、177个县（市、区）、331条河流河流总长度约 3.6万公里 ●2021至2024年累计在长江流域重点水域监测到土著鱼类198种占历史记录土著鱼类总数的83% ●截至目前全省10413名有就业意愿和能力的退捕渔民全部就业 ●全省已建成"亮江工程"监控点位近3000个农业农村部门水上巡查达72万公里 □四川日报全媒体记者 张彧希 2025年12月底的寒冬，位于成都崇州市的鸡冠山冷水鱼科研基地的工作人员忙碌不停，为两个月 后迎来新一批川陕哲罗鲑宝宝布置"产房"；宜宾合江门，来自天南海北的观鱼游客络绎不绝，一 江碧波里，鱼儿欢腾跳跃…… 五年禁渔，鱼回川江。2021年1月1日，四川与全国同步启动实施长江十年禁渔。禁捕范围包括长 江流域46个水生生物保护区所在河流及其一级支流，"一江五河"干流及其一级支流，涉及21个市 （州）、177个县（市、区）、331条河流，河流总长度约3.6万公里。 长江十年禁渔已走过五个年头。从长江到岷江，从沱江到赤水河……处处水清鱼跃，勾勒出一幅 人与自然和谐共生的美好画卷。 两条鱼 ...

Core Points - The article emphasizes the importance of the Yangtze River's ten-year fishing ban, which aims to restore the river's ecological balance and biodiversity, marking a significant shift in the relationship between humans and nature [2][14][18] - The ban has led to a notable recovery of aquatic species, including an increase in the population of the Yangtze River dolphin and other native fish species, indicating positive ecological changes [3][4][11] - The article highlights the socioeconomic impact of the fishing ban on local fishermen, who have transitioned to alternative livelihoods, supported by government policies and training programs [7][9][10] Summary by Sections Ecological Recovery - The Yangtze River's biodiversity has improved significantly, with the population of the Yangtze dolphin increasing to 1,249 in 2022, up by 237 from 2017 [3] - Key species such as the Yangtze sturgeon and other native fish have shown signs of recovery, with the population of the Yangtze knife fish increasing to four times its pre-ban levels [4] - The aquatic biological integrity index has improved, with the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake moving up two levels from the "no fish" status [4] Habitat Restoration - Efforts to restore aquatic habitats have included the removal of 342 small hydropower stations on the Chishui River, enhancing water connectivity [5] - The introduction of natural restoration concepts aims to create diverse habitats for various fish species, improving their breeding conditions [5] Species Protection - The article discusses the ongoing efforts to protect endangered species through artificial breeding and release programs, with over 1 million Chinese sturgeons released in recent years [6] - The focus on full lifecycle protection of species is crucial for restoring aquatic ecosystems [6] Socioeconomic Transition - The fishing ban has affected 231,000 fishermen, prompting government initiatives to ensure their transition to new livelihoods, such as eco-tourism and aquaculture [7][9] - Training programs and financial support have been implemented to assist fishermen in adapting to new economic activities, with some achieving significant income from crab farming [9][10] Policy and Enforcement - The article highlights the need for strict enforcement against illegal fishing activities, as the ban's success faces challenges from poaching [12][13] - Future policies will focus on enhancing biodiversity monitoring and implementing targeted ecological management strategies [14][18]