马欣表示，在人口结构急剧变化、家庭养老功能弱化的背景下，居民不仅需要养老金，更需要"资金 +服务"的综合解决方案，这要求保险业在养老金融领域承担更重要的使命。 在近日举行的2025外滩年会圆桌论坛上，中国太保（601601）集团副总裁马欣提出，完善多层次养老保 障体系需要清晰界定政府、市场和社会的角色定位，并强调保险业应着力提升保障、投资和服务三大核 心能力。 马欣指出，在养老保障体系中，政府、市场和社会的分工既清晰又互补，"政府以公平普惠为宗旨，是 基础保障的兜底者；市场以需求适配为宗旨，是多元化需求的供给者；社会以互助补位为宗旨，是补充 服务的参与者。" 针对第二、三支柱发展，马欣提出具体建议，第二支柱的核心任务是"扩面"，建议推广雄安新区企业年 金自动加入机制，允许从部分员工起步建立年金，简化决策流程；第三支柱则需推进"专业化建设"，支 持金融机构设立养老金融专业机构，开展专业化经营。 面对当前养老保障供需失衡的现状，马欣强调保险业应聚焦三大能力建设，首先是提升应对长寿风险和 失能风险的保障能力，通过创新年金计划、商业长护险等产品，提供终身稳定现金流；其次是强化长期 稳健的投资能力，统筹长短期目标，平衡 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the increasing importance of pension security in China, emphasizing the need for a multi-tiered pension system that involves collaboration among government, market, and society [1][4][5] Group 1: Pension System Challenges - The pension system in China faces structural challenges and transformation pressures, with various perspectives on reform including benefit levels, fiscal sustainability, investment strategies, and fairness [4] - The basic pension insurance covers the majority of retirees, but over 50% of insured individuals receive rural resident pension insurance, highlighting the need for broader coverage [4][5] Group 2: Multi-Tiered Pension Structure - The pension system consists of three pillars: the first pillar is government-led basic pension insurance, the second pillar includes enterprise annuities and occupational annuities, and the third pillar is voluntary commercial pension insurance [5] - Experts emphasize the importance of including flexible employment groups, which number over 200 million and often lack adequate pension coverage, to ensure fairness in the pension system [5][6] Group 3: Collaborative Framework - A collaborative pension system requires clear roles: the government ensures basic fairness, the market addresses diverse needs, and society provides supplementary services [6] - Suggestions for improving the second pillar include promoting automatic enrollment mechanisms and enhancing the professionalization of third-pillar pension financial services [6][8] Group 4: Innovation in Response to Change - Experts highlight the need for innovative solutions to address the impacts of AI and demographic changes on the pension system, warning that AI could exacerbate income inequality [8] - Proposed innovations include new annuity plans that align with life expectancy and the development of long-term care insurance products that offer flexible payment options [9]