Core Viewpoint - The research team led by Pan Shilie at the Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Technology has successfully developed a new nonlinear optical crystal, ammonium borofluoride (ABF), which achieves a record shortest output wavelength of 158.9 nanometers for vacuum ultraviolet laser through birefringent phase matching technology [1] Group 1: Development and Innovation - The ABF crystal is a key material for achieving all-solid-state vacuum ultraviolet laser output, with its performance determining the output wavelength and conversion efficiency of lasers [1] - The team proposed an innovative design and performance tuning mechanism for vacuum ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystals, creating a series of high-performance crystals represented by ABF [1] - Researchers overcame challenges in crystal growth and device processing technology, successfully obtaining centimeter-level high optical quality ABF single crystals and vacuum ultraviolet frequency doubling devices [1] Group 2: Performance Achievements - The ABF crystal has set three world records in direct frequency doubling vacuum ultraviolet laser output: the shortest output wavelength, the highest nanosecond pulse energy of 177 nanometers, and a significant increase in optical-to-optical conversion efficiency [1] - The comprehensive performance of the ABF crystal far exceeds that of existing materials, providing a new key material system for compact and efficient all-solid-state vacuum ultraviolet lasers [1]

Core Viewpoint - The research team from the Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Technology has successfully developed a new nonlinear optical crystal, ammonium borofluoride (ABF), achieving a record shortest output wavelength of 158.9 nanometers for vacuum ultraviolet laser through birefringent phase matching technology [1] Group 1: Development and Innovation - The ABF crystal is a key material for achieving all-solid-state vacuum ultraviolet laser output, with its performance determining the output wavelength and conversion efficiency of lasers [1] - The team proposed an innovative design and performance tuning mechanism for vacuum ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystals, creating a series of high-performance crystals represented by ABF [1] Group 2: Technical Achievements - The researchers overcame challenges in crystal growth and device processing technology, successfully obtaining centimeter-level high optical quality ABF single crystals and vacuum ultraviolet frequency doubling devices [1] - Test results indicate that the ABF crystal has set three world records in direct frequency doubling vacuum ultraviolet laser output: the shortest output wavelength, the highest nanosecond pulse energy of 177 nanometers, and significantly improved optical-to-optical conversion efficiency, with overall performance far exceeding existing materials [1]

Group 1 - China has achieved a breakthrough in high-temperature superconductivity by developing a superconducting magnet with a magnetic field strength of 35.6 Tesla, setting a new world record in this field [3] - The development signifies China's advanced level in high-temperature superconductivity applications, providing technical support for material science, life sciences, and nuclear fusion research [3] Group 2 - Chinese scientists have successfully developed a new type of crystal, ammonium borofluoride (ABF), which has achieved direct frequency doubling of vacuum ultraviolet laser output at a wavelength of 158.9 nanometers, marking a significant advancement in precision manufacturing and cutting-edge research [4][6] - The ABF crystal has set three world records: the shortest wavelength for direct frequency doubling, a maximum pulse energy of 4.8 millijoules at 177.3 nanometers, and a conversion efficiency of 7.9% [6] Group 3 - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has successfully conducted a business application experiment for space-ground laser communication, achieving a communication rate of 120 Gbps, marking a new milestone in this technology [7][9] - This achievement follows previous breakthroughs of 10 Gbps in 2023 and 60 Gbps in 2025, indicating a significant advancement in China's space-ground laser communication capabilities [9] Group 4 - Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have reconstructed the high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the OSTα/β protein, revealing its novel assembly and transport mechanisms, which are crucial for understanding fat digestion and related diseases [10][12] - The study introduces a new "ladder" transport model for OSTα/β, addressing long-standing questions about its assembly and transport mechanisms, providing a new structural framework for understanding bile acid transmembrane transport [12]

Core Viewpoint - The research team at Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Chemistry has successfully developed ammonium borofluoride (ABF) crystals, achieving a world record for the shortest output wavelength of 158.9 nanometers in direct frequency-doubling vacuum ultraviolet laser technology, marking a significant advancement in the field of nonlinear optical crystals [2][3][4] Group 1: Technological Breakthrough - The ABF crystal represents a new material system for compact and efficient solid-state vacuum ultraviolet lasers, overcoming previous limitations associated with potassium borate fluoride (KBBF) crystals, which were the only practical crystals for achieving laser outputs below 200 nanometers [2][3] - The team introduced a "fluorination" design concept, incorporating the highly electronegative fluorine element into the borate crystal structure, which facilitated the development of high-quality ABF single crystals [3][4] Group 2: Performance and Applications - The ABF crystal has set three world records in direct frequency-doubling vacuum ultraviolet laser output, including the shortest output wavelength, the highest nanosecond pulse energy at 177 nanometers, and significantly improved optical conversion efficiency [4] - The unique advantages of the ABF crystal position it as a core material for high-performance solid-state vacuum ultraviolet lasers, with potential applications in high-end scientific equipment, ultra-precision laser processing, and innovative fields such as space communication [4] Group 3: Future Research Directions - The Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Chemistry plans to continue research on the stable growth technology of ABF crystals, device processing techniques, and the development of laser sources, aiming for even shorter wavelengths, higher energy outputs, and greater power in solid-state vacuum ultraviolet light sources [4]

Group 1 - The Chinese government aims to develop a long-term stable comprehensive strategic partnership with the UK, as discussed in a meeting between President Xi Jinping and UK Prime Minister Starmer [1] - The State Council has issued a plan to accelerate the cultivation of new growth points in service consumption, focusing on optimizing and expanding service supply to support high-quality economic development [1] - The Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Finance have jointly issued guidelines to improve the temporary assistance system, ensuring quick aid for families or individuals facing severe difficulties due to unexpected events [1] Group 2 - The State Administration for Market Regulation has approved the establishment of 11 new national measurement standards, with a total of 45 new standards created during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, marking a 150% increase from the previous period [2] - In 2025, the tax revenue collected by tax authorities is projected to reach 33.1 trillion yuan, with a 2.7% year-on-year increase in tax revenue excluding export tax rebates [2] - The shopping center industry in China is expected to enter a recovery phase in 2025, with over 70% of projects achieving sales growth and 85.5% of shopping centers experiencing an increase in foot traffic [2] Group 3 - International gold futures and spot prices reached new highs, surpassing $5,500 per ounce [3] - The World Gold Council's report indicates that global gold demand is expected to reach 5,002 tons in 2025, setting a new historical record [3]

Group 1 - The core achievement is the successful creation of a new crystal called Ammonium Borofluoride (ABF), which enables the generation of vacuum ultraviolet laser at a wavelength of 158.9 nanometers, providing a key material for compact and efficient solid-state vacuum ultraviolet lasers [1][2] - The development of ABF crystal addresses the challenges of balancing high efficiency and ease of growth in crystal material design, marking a significant advancement in the field of nonlinear optical crystals [2] - The successful creation of ABF crystal signifies an important breakthrough for China in the field of vacuum ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal materials, contributing positively to maintaining the country's international leading position in this area [2] Group 2 - The research team plans to optimize the growth technology of the ABF crystal to further enhance device performance and develop corresponding laser devices, which will provide stronger support for precision manufacturing and scientific research [2] - The previous milestone material, Potassium Beryllium Fluoride (KBBF), was the only practical crystal capable of stably producing lasers below 200 nanometers, highlighting the significance of the new ABF crystal in advancing laser technology [1] - The breakthrough in laser technology is driven by the increasing demands for output wavelength and energy, necessitating the development of superior new crystal materials [1]

Core Insights - The research team from the Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has successfully created a new crystal called Ammonium Borofluoride (ABF), enabling the generation of vacuum ultraviolet laser at a wavelength of 158.9 nanometers, marking a significant advancement in laser technology [1][2] - This breakthrough provides a key material for developing compact and efficient solid-state vacuum ultraviolet lasers, which are expected to play a crucial role in precision manufacturing and cutting-edge scientific research [1][2] Group 1 - The ABF crystal represents a solution to the challenges of designing crystal materials that are both highly effective and easy to grow, overcoming the limitations of traditional materials [2] - The successful creation of the ABF crystal signifies an important breakthrough for China in the field of vacuum ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal materials, contributing positively to maintaining the country's international leading position in this area [2] Group 2 - The research results were published online in the journal "Nature," highlighting the significance of this achievement in the scientific community [1] - The team plans to optimize the growth technology of the ABF crystal and further enhance the performance of devices, while also developing corresponding laser apparatus to support precision manufacturing and scientific research [2]

Core Viewpoint - The team from the Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Technology, under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made significant advancements in the field of vacuum ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal materials, which will play a crucial role in precision manufacturing and cutting-edge scientific research [1] Group 1 - The research team successfully developed ammonium borofluoride (ABF) crystals after extensive exploration and innovation [1] - The team overcame challenges related to large-size crystal growth and device processing technology [1] - Utilizing birefringent phase matching technology, the team achieved direct frequency doubling of vacuum ultraviolet laser output at 158.9 nm for the first time [1] Group 2 - This breakthrough provides a key material system for compact and efficient all-solid-state vacuum ultraviolet lasers [1]

Core Viewpoint - Chinese scientists have successfully developed a new type of crystal, ammonium borofluoride (ABF), which achieves direct frequency doubling of vacuum ultraviolet laser output at a wavelength of 158.9 nanometers, marking a significant advancement in laser technology and promising applications in precision manufacturing and cutting-edge scientific research [1][5][8]. Group 1: Development and Innovation - The ABF crystal represents a breakthrough in non-linear optical materials, achieving world records in wavelength output, nanosecond pulse energy, and conversion efficiency [5][8]. - The research team at the Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has developed this crystal through original innovation, encompassing material design, compound synthesis, crystal growth, and device fabrication [4][6]. - The development of ABF took nearly ten years, building on the legacy of previous Chinese innovations in laser crystals, such as KBBF, which had dominated the field for over 30 years [5][6]. Group 2: Applications and Future Prospects - The ABF crystal is expected to play a crucial role in high-end scientific equipment for research in fields like superconductivity and precision manufacturing, contributing to China's transition from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing stronghold [8]. - Future plans include the development of laser devices and original equipment that leverage the unique properties of the ABF crystal, potentially leading to breakthroughs in various high-tech applications, including space communication [8]. - The research team aims to continue enhancing the stability and processing techniques of ABF crystals to achieve even shorter wavelengths and higher power outputs for solid-state vacuum ultraviolet light sources [8].