10月1日，西安国际港站汽笛长鸣，一列满载货物的中欧班列缓缓启动，驶向俄罗斯莫斯科。在这趟列车上，两个特殊的冷链冷柜格外引人注目——里面 整齐码放着来自四川会理的20吨黑籽酸石榴和来自西安周至的22.4吨海沃德猕猴桃。这是杨凌示范区内企业——杨凌国合跨境贸易有限公司首次通过铁路 冷链运输将新鲜水果直接送往俄罗斯市场，标志着杨凌在构建国际农产品冷链物流通道上迈出关键一步。 "未来，我们将继续整合优质农产品资源，优化冷链运输方案，推动更多特色农产品通过这条'钢铁丝路'走向国际市场，助力现代农业高质量发展。"王斌 信心满满地说。 火车从西安出发，经满洲里口岸出境，直达莫斯科沃尔西诺站。最关键的是，搭载的全自动冷藏冷柜具备恒温恒湿功能，在跨境换装（如从中国标准轨换 至俄罗斯宽轨）时，只需整体吊装冷柜，柜内环境丝毫不受影响。运输途中，柜体全程密封，温度稳定维持在设定范围，并通过远程监控系统实时反馈数 据，确保每一颗石榴、每一个猕猴桃都处在最佳保鲜状态。 "对比之前的汽运模式，中欧班列不仅时效稳定，成本优势也非常明显。"杨凌现代农业国际合作集团有限公司副总经理王斌算了一笔经济账，"铁路运输 受天气、路况影响小，单位运量更 ...

Core Viewpoint - A silent "fruit extinction" is occurring globally, with over 75% of crop genetic diversity lost in the past century, and two-thirds of current crop yields dominated by just nine crops, leading to a crisis in agricultural diversity [1][2]. Group 1: Loss of Crop Diversity - The loss of crop varieties is not just a culinary issue but a critical threat to future food security, as these varieties serve as genetic reservoirs [2][3]. - A study published in 2022 indicated that nearly 40% of 883 assessed wild fruits and vegetables require urgent protection to avoid extinction [3]. Group 2: Standardization of Fruit Varieties - In North America, 90% of traditional apple varieties have disappeared over the past century, equating to one unique apple flavor lost every week [4]. - The modern agricultural focus on standardization and efficiency has led to a significant reduction in fruit diversity, with each lost seed potentially removing unique traits for disease resistance and climate adaptation [5][6]. Group 3: Factors Driving Uniformity - The rise of the fruit consumption market, particularly e-commerce, has driven the standardization of fruit varieties, with market demand becoming a core pressure on fruit selection [9][10]. - The commercial fruit industry has shifted towards a factory-like model, prioritizing size, sweetness, and transportability, which has led to a dominance of a few varieties like Fuji apples [10][11]. Group 4: Emergence of Functional Fruits - As living standards rise, there is an increasing demand for functional fruits such as plums, avocados, and blueberries, which focus on specific health benefits [13][14]. - The focus on these functional fruits has further squeezed the space for traditional varieties, leading to a decline in biodiversity [14]. Group 5: Conservation Efforts - The urgency to protect fruit genetic diversity is highlighted by the story of the Cavendish banana, which replaced the nearly extinct Gros Michel variety due to disease threats [15]. - Positive developments include the establishment of the National Horticultural Germplasm Resource Bank in China, which preserves a significant amount of fruit genetic resources [16][17]. - Another initiative is the National Tropical Plant Germplasm Resource Bank, which focuses on tropical crops, preserving over 26,000 samples [18].