（原标题：江南文明的曙光：访马家浜遗址） 文博时空 作者 翟德芳 在对浙江、或曰杭州湾周边地区的新石器时代文化的研究中，大体上将这一地区 的史前文化分为三系，一系是上山文化-跨湖桥文化，一系是井头山-河姆渡文化，另一系是马家浜-崧 泽-良渚文化。我在前面的文字中，已经介绍了前两系，现在就介绍第三系的起首，也就是年代上处于 距今7000～6000年的马家浜文化。 马家浜文化得名于嘉兴市的马家浜遗址。我在前几年曾到过嘉兴，看过南湖、尤其是"红船"，尽管那是 后来仿制的，所以这次到嘉兴，就只为访问马家浜遗址了。"马家浜"的"浜"字，意思是小的河流。江南 地区河网密布，很多小河都称为"某某浜"，河边的村庄也就以浜为名。 近年来，马家浜考古有一些新发现。2023年9月，无锡市文物考古研究所和复旦大学联合发布马鞍遗址 人骨检测报告，成功获取6000年前马家浜文化时期的古人类基因组数据，填补了长江下游古DNA研究 缺环。 今年9月25日，江苏省文物考古研究院发布，考古工作者在江苏省无锡市斗山遗址揭示出一座马家浜文 化时期的城址，距今约6000年。这是首次在长江下游地区发现马家浜文化时期的城址，也是中国最早的 史前城址之一。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significance of the Lingjiatan site in Anhui Province as a crucial evidence of over 5,000 years of Chinese civilization, showcasing its archaeological importance and the cultural artifacts discovered there [2][4]. Group 1: Archaeological Significance - The Lingjiatan site, discovered in 1985, dates back 5,800 to 5,300 years and is recognized as the largest and best-preserved settlement site of its time in the lower Yangtze River region [2]. - It is considered one of the "three major jade culture centers" of prehistoric China, alongside Hongshan and Liangzhu cultures [2]. - The M4 tomb, excavated in 1987, is noted as the most remarkable burial site within the Lingjiatan archaeological findings [7]. Group 2: Exhibitions and Cultural Events - The Palace Museum hosted the "Civilization Pioneer - Lingjiatan Culture Jade Exhibition" from December 14, 2024, to March 16, 2025, marking the first complete exhibition of artifacts from the Lingjiatan site [4]. - In celebration of the 40th anniversary of the discovery of the Lingjiatan site, a new exhibition titled "Jade Gift to the Universe - Lingjiatan 87M4 Boutique Artifacts Exhibition" was launched to support the development of the Lingjiatan National Archaeological Park [4]. Group 3: Artifacts and Findings - The current exhibition features 104 selected artifacts, focusing on the jade items unearthed from the 87M4 tomb, which provide insights into the social life and spiritual world of the ancient inhabitants [5]. - The exhibition includes nearly 400 precious jade artifacts from four domestic institutions, with many items being publicly displayed for the first time [5]. - The M4 tomb contained a variety of exquisite burial items, including jade plates, turtles, spoons, and axes, which were collected by the Palace Museum in 1993 [9]. Group 4: Cultural Insights - The 87M4 tomb's occupant is believed to have held a unique status, embodying roles of nobility, craftsmanship, and shamanism, indicating a complex social structure [13][15]. - The shaman role of the tomb owner involved astronomical observations and religious activities, reflecting the spiritual practices of the time [20][22]. - The exhibition serves as a concentrated display of the Lingjiatan culture's jade craftsmanship and its connection to the spiritual world of ancient humanity [27]. Group 5: Exhibition Details - The upcoming exhibition is scheduled from May 16, 2025, to August 16, 2025, at the Lingjiatan Site Museum [29].