Core Insights - The global energy landscape is undergoing unprecedented systemic and fundamental changes due to complex international dynamics and a profound adjustment in energy supply and demand patterns [1] Investment and Financial Aspects - In 2024, global investments in renewable energy, electrified transportation, energy storage, and grid infrastructure are projected to reach $2.1 trillion [2] - From now until 2030, annual investments required for energy transition are estimated to increase to approximately $1.6 trillion, indicating a significant funding gap [2] Renewable Energy Capacity and Goals - By the end of 2022, global renewable energy installed capacity was about 400 gigawatts, while the target is to triple this to 1,100 gigawatts by 2030 [1] - To meet the 2030 renewable energy goals, an annual addition of at least 1,000 gigawatts is necessary, despite a record addition of 580 gigawatts in the previous year [1] Systemic Challenges - The increasing share of wind and solar energy introduces significant uncertainties in power output, leading to challenges in system reliability and power balance [2] - Recent extreme weather events have heightened risks to the stability of power systems, with notable outages occurring in regions like Spain, Portugal, Texas, and the UK [2] Cost Implications of Energy Transition - Although the cost of renewable energy generation has decreased, the need for extensive supporting infrastructure and backup capacity has raised overall system costs [3] - For instance, the cost of solar and wind energy has dropped to 0.1 yuan per kilowatt-hour, but additional costs for balancing and system operation far exceed generation costs [3] Technological and Competitive Landscape - The competition in green technology and industries is intensifying, with countries racing to innovate in renewable energy, advanced nuclear, hydrogen, and other low-carbon technologies [3] - Key technological advancements are essential for achieving high proportions of renewable energy integration into the grid [5] Strategic Recommendations - The development of a global energy internet is crucial for large-scale clean energy deployment, enhancing operational efficiency and technical capabilities [4] - Six strategic recommendations include promoting energy production and consumption revolutions, building intelligent and resilient grids, driving key technological innovations, improving financing mechanisms, advancing cross-border electricity trade, and deepening international cooperation [4][5][6]