咸海处于亚欧大陆腹地，地跨哈萨克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦两国，曾是世界第四大湖泊。自20世纪60年代以来，在人类活动用水激增和气候变化 等多重因素影响下，咸海快速萎缩，面积已缩小90%以上。水岸线严重后退，土壤盐碱度升高，干涸的湖床上形成了面积5万多平方公里的荒 漠，咸海成为令人痛惜的"中亚之泪"。 新华社塔什干6月14日电 5月底，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所研究员王平辗转抵达乌兹别克斯坦西部城市努库斯，参与同乌兹别克斯坦 咸海国际创新中心的科研合作。他已经数不清这是自己第几次奔赴这个位于咸海附近的城市。这次，王平和同事们带来了两样"宝贝"：盐生植 物种子和光伏技术。 这是6月3日在位于乌兹别克斯坦穆伊纳克镇的咸海国际创新中心试验示范园区内拍摄的光伏自动反冲洗灌溉水过滤系统。（受访者供图） 最近两年来，中国科研人员一直在咸海周边推进"光伏技术在咸海生态环境治理中的集成、试验与示范项目"。在努库斯，新疆生地所和咸海国 际创新中心去年开展"光伏+棉花水肥一体化"种植试验示范项目，通过棉花覆膜滴灌技术、光伏发电和智能水肥一体机，实现棉田智能滴灌和 施肥，使得棉花产量提高了两倍以上，同时成本和用水量显著下降。 咸海生态 ...

Group 1: Green Development Initiatives - China and Central Asian countries are deepening cooperation in green infrastructure, energy, and transportation, contributing to a closer China-Central Asia community [1] - The ecological crisis of the Aral Sea, which has shrunk by over 90% since the 1960s, poses significant environmental and economic challenges for Central Asia [2][3] - China is willing to collaborate with Central Asian nations on saline-alkali land management and water-saving irrigation to address the ecological crisis of the Aral Sea [2][3] Group 2: Renewable Energy Projects - The Bukha photovoltaic project in Uzbekistan, built by a Chinese company, is expected to generate over 570,000 MWh annually and reduce carbon emissions by 440,000 tons [6] - The Turgusun hydropower station in Kazakhstan, a key project under the Belt and Road Initiative, has an annual power generation capacity of 79.8 million kWh and reduces CO2 emissions by 72,000 tons [6] Group 3: Technological Collaboration - The establishment of the Kazakhstan-China Science and Technology Transfer Center aims to create a sustainable development research platform for Central Asia [7] - The China-Kazakhstan joint laboratory has developed various models and systems for disaster warning, ecological governance, and intelligent agricultural machinery, enhancing sustainable development in the region [8]