来源：环球网军事 美军近日首次在美国本土测试了以战斗无人机实施的蜂群式攻击。测试中，一名无人机操作员操控多架无人机同时打击了不同目标。那么，这种"一控 多"的无人机攻击模式在实战中具有哪些战术意义呢？ 人工智能是核心 资料图：2021年3月，美国XQ-58A无人驾驶飞行器投放"阿尔蒂乌斯"无人机 据了解，传统的第一人称视角（FPV）无人机通常需要"一控一"人工操作，不仅浪费人力，还因全程依赖人员操控导致效率低下、容易受到人手不足等限 制。而此次测试实现了一名操作员同时操控三架攻击型无人机打击三个不同目标。这次测试的成功，军事观察员邵永灵认为，人工智能组件在其中发挥了 重要作用，这也是未来战争中实现"一控多"无人机操作模式的关键。 邵永灵： 在俄乌冲突中，无人机已能借助人工智能实现不依赖GPS信号的自主导航与目标识别。在未来作战中，无论单人操控多少架无人机，人工智能都是无人机 实现自主规避障碍、做出决策的核心；若缺乏人工智能，无人机则难以脱离操作员执行复杂的独立作战任务。 非对称优势 蜂群作战依赖于无人机之间自主的协同编队能力，否则难以依靠人力直接控制大规模无人机集群。小规模部队通过操控无人机蜂群，即可获得非对 ...

Core Insights - The U.S. military is struggling to keep pace with drone manufacturing capabilities compared to countries like China, despite efforts to accelerate production [1][3] - The ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict has highlighted the rapid evolution in drone warfare, revealing that the U.S. is lagging behind in this area [3][4] Group 1: Manufacturing Challenges - The U.S. excels in producing large, expensive weapons like fighter jets and tanks but is unprepared for the rapid mass production of smaller, cheaper drones [3] - A significant challenge for the U.S. is the inability to use Chinese-made components in weapons due to security concerns, while domestic alternatives are significantly more expensive [3] Group 2: Market Position - Chinese companies dominate the consumer drone market, while U.S. manufacturers of first-person view (FPV) drones rely heavily on contracts from the Department of Defense, which currently do not include large-scale procurement [3] - The U.S. Department of Defense's "Replicator" initiative aims to produce 3,000 drones within two years, but this is a small fraction compared to China's production of tens of millions of small drones annually [3] Group 3: Policy and Implementation - The Pentagon announced a major policy shift on July 10 to accelerate the deployment of small drones across the military, aiming to equip thousands of drones to the forces [4] - Despite these initiatives, the U.S. military's implementation of drone policies and the resulting impacts remain uncertain, with a noticeable gap between current drone application and global trends [4]

Group 1 - The first instance of a military operation conducted entirely by robotic forces has occurred, where Russian soldiers surrendered without direct human intervention [1] - Ukrainian forces successfully utilized drones and ground combat platforms to compel Russian soldiers to surrender, marking a significant advancement in technological warfare [1] - This development highlights a legal vacuum regarding the treatment of prisoners captured by autonomous systems, raising new discussions about the role of machines in armed conflict [1] Group 2 - Ukrainian President Zelensky stated that Ukraine will continue drone operations on Russian territory as a response to attacks, emphasizing the effectiveness of asymmetric tactics [2] - The timeline for direct negotiations between Russia and Ukraine remains uncertain, with ongoing discussions about prisoner exchanges and potential new strikes on Russian territory [3] - The U.S. plans to increase weapon supplies to Ukraine, complicating the prospects for resuming negotiations [3]