Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need to explore non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies rather than invasive methods, as proposed by Chinese Academy of Sciences academician Zheng Hairong [2][3][9]. Industry Overview - The global BCI market is projected to grow from $2.35 billion in 2023 to $10.89 billion by 2033, indicating significant investment and interest in this sector [5]. - Major players in the BCI field include Neuralink, which focuses on invasive methods, and Synchron, which has developed a less invasive approach with support from tech giants like Apple and NVIDIA [2][7]. Technological Developments - Neuralink has reported advancements in its invasive BCI technology, with patients able to control complex devices using their thoughts, showcasing a leap from simple cursor control to intricate robotic manipulation [5][6]. - Synchron has achieved key safety milestones with its BCI devices, including FDA approval for temporary implants and successful long-term trials without severe adverse events [8]. Critique of Current Approaches - Zheng Hairong criticizes the invasive methods as "brute force engineering," arguing that they fail to understand the complexity of the human brain and its evolutionary history [3][9]. - He highlights the challenges of biological compatibility in invasive BCIs, noting that many electrodes fail due to the brain's natural resistance [6]. Alternative Approaches - Zheng advocates for a non-invasive approach that utilizes external technologies like ultrasound and fMRI to read and potentially write brain signals without penetrating the skull [9][10]. - This method aims to decode brain activity by observing the relationship between blood flow and neural activity, likening it to a soldier and their supplies [10]. Future of AI and BCI - Zheng outlines a three-stage evolution of AI, with the final stage being "biological intelligence" achieved through effective BCI integration [12][13]. - He envisions a future where hospitals transform into AI-driven data centers, moving away from traditional medical practices [14]. Ethical Considerations - The article raises concerns about the ethical implications of BCI technology, emphasizing the need for strong regulations to prevent misuse and ensure human control over technology [14][15]. - Global legislative efforts are underway to protect brain data, indicating a growing recognition of the ethical challenges posed by BCI advancements [15]. Timeline for Adoption - Zheng estimates that it may take 20 to 30 years for BCI technology to become a part of everyday life for the general public [17].

经济观察报记者 郑晨烨 2025年上半年，全球脑机接口（BCI）赛道持续升温。 2025年6月27日，埃隆·马斯克在其旗下脑机接口公司Neuralink的夏季进展更新会上宣布，该公司脑机接口的受试者数量已增至7人，并公开演示了通过意念 操控机械臂玩"石头剪刀布"的视频。而在稍早前的5月份，其主要竞争对手、获得苹果与英伟达支持的Synchron公司，则宣布通过一项名为BCI人机接口设备 （BCI HID）的新协议实现了与苹果设备的原生集成。 根据公开信息，目前美国企业在脑机接口领域的主流技术路径主要有两个：一是以Neuralink为代表的侵入式方案，需要通过开颅手术将微电极直接植入大脑 皮层；另一条则是Synchron公司采用的介入式方案，经由血管将传感器输送至颅内。 但在6月30日于深圳举办的科技创新院士报告厅活动上，中国科学院院士郑海荣对脑机接口进入人体的技术路径提出了不同看法。他认为，行业更应关注和 探索的，是无需手术的"无创"脑机接口技术。 "所以马斯克搞的那个东西我觉得太落后了，非得把人的大脑打开放一些芯片。"郑海荣说，"其实'道法自然'是最高的智慧。" 以Neuralink为代表的侵入式路径，更是将 ...

N1 植入设备只有硬币大小，外科医生在R1机器人的引导下，将包含毛发状电极的微型线插入大脑目标区域，以记录活动。当N1植入大脑（例如控制手臂的 部分）并且该区域的神经元放电时，信号可以传输到计算机。 报名：首届全球心血管大会 | 重磅亮点 合作伙伴征集：2025全球手术机器人大会 2025年4月24日，根据彭博新闻社报道，知情人士表示脑机接口公司Neuralink计划以 85亿美元（约合620.13亿人民币） 的投前估值筹集约 5亿美元（约 合36.48亿人民币） 资金。公司已开始与潜在投资者进行初步讨论，但融资条款尚未最终敲定。 # 核 心 技术 Neuralink 是埃隆·马斯克在2016年成立的一家高科技公司，总部位于美国， 专注于开发侵入式脑机接口（BCI）技术 。该公司的目标是通过制造微米级别 的设备，将人脑与机器接口连接起来， 以实现人脑与机器的交互 。 N1植入设备 由于 N1 植入设备的线程非常细小，无法通过人工手动植入，因此 Neuralink 开发了专门的手术机器人。该机器人能够可靠且高效地将线程准确插入预定位 置。 高密度电极设计： N1 植入设备包含1024个电极，分布在64根线程上， ...