Core Viewpoint - A significant transformation is occurring in the automotive industry with the advent of X-by-Wire technology, which replaces mechanical systems with electronic signals, enabling vehicles to have a "nervous system" for better responsiveness and control [1][4]. Group 1: Definition and Importance of X-by-Wire Technology - X-by-Wire refers to the use of electronic signals to control critical vehicle functions such as steering, braking, and acceleration, allowing for greater design freedom and programmability [3]. - This technology is foundational for the realization of smart vehicles, as it enables precise and reliable execution of control signals necessary for advanced levels of autonomous driving [4][5]. Group 2: Applications and Segmentation of X-by-Wire Technology - The current discussions around X-by-Wire technology focus on its application in the power domain and chassis domain, including components like throttle control, gear shifting, braking, steering, and suspension [8]. - The article categorizes these applications into three groups based on their level of adoption and complexity [8]. Group 3: Widely Adopted Technologies - Throttle control is the most widely adopted X-by-Wire technology, implemented in most fuel and electric vehicles, enhancing the precision of power output control [15][17]. - Shift-by-Wire technology is increasingly seen in electric and hybrid vehicles, allowing for more flexible gear shifting mechanisms [15][17]. Group 4: Transitioning Technologies - Brake-by-Wire (BBW) technology is gaining traction, with a projected penetration rate of 51.58% in the domestic passenger car market by 2024, up from 37.68% in 2023 [19]. - Steer-by-Wire technology is still in its early stages, with a penetration rate of less than 1%, primarily due to safety concerns and regulatory requirements [22][23]. Group 5: Comfort-Oriented Technologies - X-by-Wire suspension systems focus on enhancing ride comfort by actively adjusting to road conditions, with three main development directions: Continuous Damping Control (CDC), air suspension, and fully active hydraulic suspension [25][26]. - CDC is the most widely used and cost-effective option, while air suspension and fully active systems are seen in higher-end models, reflecting a trend towards increased adoption of X-by-Wire technologies in the market [26][29]. Group 6: Future Outlook - The electrification and intelligence of new energy vehicles provide a conducive environment for the rapid development of X-by-Wire technology, with simpler and safer applications leading the way [32]. - The remaining challenges in more complex areas like steer-by-Wire and fully active suspension systems may require the broader adoption of advanced smart vehicles to unlock their full potential [32].