大公国际：2025 年以来 平台公司债券首发融资特征分析 王燕 舒蕴泽 2025 年 8 月 22 日 摘要 一揽子化债方案实施以来，传统城投公司融资受限，各地纷纷组建产业类公司以 应对新形势的变化。本文通过研究 2025 年以来1实现首发融资的平台公司2，分析其较 2024 年的变动情况，并总结信用状况、业务构成及财务表现等方面的特征，以期为产 业类公司债券首发融资提供借鉴。 正文 一、债券首发融资主体特征 1、总体概况 2025 年 1-7 月实现债券首发融资的平台公司共 149 家，已达到 2024 年全年的 84%，同时 1-7 月首发平台公司中只有 7 家公司的收入构成中基础设施代建、土地一 级开发等公益性业务收入占比超过 30%，具有较为明显的城投公司属性，其他公司产 业类特征较为明显，表明城投公司产业化转型进程及产业类公司的组建已经取得积极 效果，符合债券新增融资标准的平台公司日益增多。 图 1 2024-2025 年债券首发融资的平台公司月份分布（单位：家数） 数据来源：Wind 数据库，大公国际整理 23 4 22 18 8 14 10 7 12 15 20 24 26 8 13 33 20 ...

Group 1 - The company's total operating revenue for the first half of 2025 reached 2.169 billion yuan, an increase of 17.17% year-on-year, while the net profit attributable to shareholders was only 19.73 million yuan, a decrease of 42.16% year-on-year [2] - The gross profit margin decreased to 6.99%, down 19.03% year-on-year, and the net profit margin fell to 1.15%, down 53.2% year-on-year, indicating pressure on cost control and reduced profitability [3] - The company reported a negative operating cash flow per share of -0.07 yuan, a decrease of 249.55% year-on-year, and accounts receivable accounted for 1081.48% of the latest annual net profit, posing potential cash flow risks [4] Group 2 - The main business revenue primarily comes from copper-based alloy materials, generating 2.029 billion yuan, accounting for 93.52% of total revenue, with a gross profit margin of 6.69% [6] - The copper strip processing industry faces multiple challenges, including increased global economic downturn pressure, insufficient domestic and foreign market demand, intense industry competition, copper price fluctuations, and policy adjustments [7] - Despite the challenges, the company continues to strengthen technological research and development and industrial upgrades to enhance its core competitiveness [7]