摘要 电车已过山海关。 锂电池可以卖半个地球，钠电池可以卖整个地球。对于新能源汽车而言，同样如此。 中汽协数据显示， 2025 年新能源汽车在国内汽车总销量中的占比首次突破 50% ，达到 50.8% ，甚至在去年的个别月份出现了近 6 成的渗透 。 锂电作为电动化前半场的绝对主角，可能会在新能源汽车渗透过半这个关键节点遇到真正的卡点：北方市场如何推进？冬季低温容量衰减如何解决？ 电车不过山海关能否被破解？ 宁德时代研发体系联席总裁、 21C 研究院院长欧阳楚英曾表示，钠电池在低温场景和循环寿命上，具有无法替代的优势，特别适合北方区域寒冷环 境场景。 钠电池将是推进电动化下半场的重要参与者，锂钠协同可以被视为电动化进程的必然演化。 为进一步验证钠电池在北方乘用车市场的适配性，宁德时代联合长安汽车在牙克石通过了冬测。 结果显示，搭载钠新电池的乘用车，在 -30 ℃条件下，整车放电功率比同电量常规铁锂车型提升近 3 倍、 -40 ℃极寒下容量保持率超 90% ，甚 至在 -50 ℃的极端环境下，还能稳定放电。 作为国内最早发布钠电产品的企业，宁德时代近年来密集交付了产品样本、技术样本、甚至是商业化样本。 尽管中间 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the critical role of sodium batteries in the future of electric vehicles, particularly in cold climates, and highlights the collaboration between CATL and Changan Automobile to validate sodium battery performance in extreme conditions [3][4][5]. Group 1: Market Trends and Projections - By 2025, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in China's total auto sales is expected to exceed 50%, reaching 50.8%, with some months last year seeing nearly 60% penetration [3]. - CATL's sodium batteries are positioned as essential for the second half of the electrification process, particularly in northern markets where low-temperature performance is crucial [4][5]. Group 2: Product Development and Performance - CATL has developed various sodium battery products, including those for heavy-duty trucks and passenger vehicles, showcasing significant performance improvements in low-temperature conditions [7][9]. - In tests, sodium batteries demonstrated nearly three times the discharge power compared to conventional lithium iron phosphate models at -30°C, with over 90% capacity retention at -40°C [4][9]. Group 3: Commercialization and Strategic Partnerships - CATL has been actively delivering sodium battery products and has a clear commercialization strategy, moving from commercial vehicles to passenger cars and conducting winter tests to validate performance [5][6]. - The collaboration with Changan Automobile aims to produce models with over 400 km range, with future upgrades targeting 500 km to 600 km [10]. Group 4: Supply Chain and Industry Impact - The entry of CATL into the sodium battery market is expected to drive significant changes in the supply chain, leveraging similarities between lithium and sodium supply systems [13][14]. - CATL's partnership with Rongbai Technology for sodium battery materials is set to expand production capacity significantly, with a projected 101% year-on-year increase in sodium battery cathode material production by 2025 [15][16]. Group 5: Future Applications and Market Expansion - CATL plans to apply sodium batteries extensively in the energy storage sector by 2026, aligning with market reforms that enhance investment returns in storage solutions [17][18]. - The introduction of a new capacity pricing mechanism for independent storage stations is expected to reduce investment uncertainties in sodium battery storage [18]. Group 6: Technological Innovations - CATL has introduced the "sodium-iron" dual-core battery, combining sodium and lithium technologies, which offers a total energy capacity of 75 kWh and a range of 700 km [19].